A-Level Economics · ⁨A-Level Экономика⁩

1.1 Scarcity, choice and opportunity cost 1.2 Economic methodology 1.3 Factors of production 1.4 Resource allocation in different economic systems 1.5 Production possibility curves 1.6 Classification of goods and services

2.1 Demand and supply curves 2.2 Price elasticity, income elasticity and cross elasticity of demand 2.3.1 Price elasticity of demand · ⁨Ценовая эластичность спроса⁩ 2.3.2 Income and cross elasticity of demand · ⁨Доходная и перекрестная эластичность спроса⁩ 2.3.3 Price elasticity of supply · ⁨Ценовая эластичность предложения⁩ 2.4 The interaction of demand and supply 2.5 Consumer and producer surplus

3.1 Reasons for government intervention in markets 3.2.1 Other reasons for intervention · ⁨Другие причины вмешательства⁩ 3.2.2 Taxes and subsidies · ⁨Налоги и субсидии⁩ 3.2.3 Price controls, regulation and government failure · ⁨Ценовые ограничения, регулирование и провалы государства⁩ 3.3 Addressing income and wealth inequality

4.1 National income statistics 4.2 Introduction to the circular flow of income 4.3 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply analysis 4.4 Economic growth 4.5 Unemployment 4.6 Price stability

5.1 Government macroeconomic policy objectives 5.2 Fiscal policy 5.3 Monetary policy 5.4 Supply-side policy

6.1 The reasons for international trade 6.2 Protectionism 6.3 Current account of the balance of payments 6.4 Exchange rates 6.5 Policies to correct imbalances in the current account of the balance of payments

7.1 Utility 7.2 Indifference curves and budget lines 7.3 Efficiency and market failure 7.4 Private costs and benefits, externalities and social costs and benefits 7.5 Types of cost, revenue and profit, short-run and long-run production 7.6 Different market structures 7.7 Growth and survival of firms 7.8.1 Competition and price discrimination · ⁨Конкуренция и ценовая дискриминация⁩ 7.8.2 Growth and survival of firms · ⁨Рост и выживание фирм⁩ 7.8.3 Differing objectives and policies of firms · ⁨Различающиеся цели и политики фирм⁩

8.1 Government policies to achieve efficient resource allocation and correct market failure 8.2 Equity and redistribution of income and wealth 8.3.1 The labour market · ⁨Рынок труда⁩ 8.3.2 Labour market forces and intervention · ⁨Рыночные силы и вмешательства на рынке труда⁩

9.1 The circular flow of income 9.2 Economic growth and sustainability 9.3 Employment/unemployment 9.4 Money and banking

10.1 Government macroeconomic policy objectives 10.2 Links between macroeconomic problems and their interrelatedness 10.3 Effectiveness of policy options to meet all macroeconomic objectives

11.1 Policies to correct disequilibrium in the balance of payments 11.2 Exchange rates 11.3 Economic development 11.4 Characteristics of countries at different levels of development 11.5 Relationship between countries at different levels of development 11.6 Globalisation