HSK 5 Grammar 20: Sentence patterns — advanced
HSK · HSK · HSK 5 주제 20 7:53 영어 내레이션 · 영어 + 중국어 자막 burned-in
장
전사본
This frame covers 把: force, regard, and mix-ups. 把 takes an object, and the verb says what happens to that object. These are the advanced uses you meet once the basic sentence is comfortable., Pattern: 把: force, regard, and mix-ups.
This frame covers 不比: no more … than. 不比 blocks the claim "more." It still leaves room for "the same." It does not, by itself, prove which side is ahead., Pattern: 不比: no more … than.
This frame covers 要……就……: if you are going to do it, do it. This is a strong "if." If the person is going to do the thing, then they should do it. The usual tone is a push, close to a command. A short extra word on the second verb can add "now," "quickly," or "properly": 要走就现在走, 要学就好好学., syllable verbs are the most common, because the line is short. Two syllables are fine as well.. Pattern: 要……就……: if you are going to do it, do it.
This frame covers 少不了: you cannot do without it. 少不了 means something is necessary, or sure to happen. It belongs to everyday speech. The word after it can be welcome or unwelcome. A festival can 少不了 a food you love. A late night can 少不了 a complaint. The pattern is the same. The noun carries the feeling., Pattern: 少不了: you cannot do without it.
This frame covers 等于: the same as. 等于 means "equals." In maths, one number 等于 another. In daily life, it says two actions or two facts are the same thing. 就 is optional. 就等于 sounds like a conclusion in speech. Without 就, the line can sound more like a rule. Both are common in talk and in writing., Pattern: 等于: the same as.
The handout Practice — Part 1 section tests the patterns from this topic.
The handout Answers — Part 1 section tests the patterns from this topic.
This frame covers 从 + 名词 + 中 — from inside a source. 从 + source + 中 + what you gained. The source is a noun: a book, a trip, a mistake, a meeting, a pile of letters. 中 closes the source and treats it as something you looked inside. After it comes the gain: you learned, understood, found, or improved something. The frame is at home in speech and in writing whenever you answer "where did this come from?" with a source of knowledge or experience., Pattern: 从 + 名词 + 中.
This frame covers 无 + 名词 + 可 + 动词 — no N to V. 无 + noun + 可 + verb. 无 pairs with the idea of 没有, and 可 with the idea of 可以, in a literary shape. The meaning is "there is no N that one can V". Formal and written Chinese still builds new phrases on this mould. Memorise the frequent chunks as chunks: 无话可说, 无路可走, 无处可去, 无事可做. They are common examples, not a closed list. 无家可归, 无计可施, and 无法可依 show the same build., Pattern: 无 + 名词 + 可 + 动词.
This frame covers 不但……，甚至连……也…… — not only, and even. The draft was already useful. Booking the last free room was the step nobody saw coming. 而且 would only add a second fact. This frame makes the second fact the extreme one., Pattern: 不但……，甚至连……也…….
This frame covers （跟 / 和 / 与）……有关的 + 名词 — the noun related to. 跟 / 和 / 与 + topic + 有关的 + noun. What stands before 的 modifies the noun. 的 fastens the connection to that noun. 跟 and 和 suit everyday speech. 与 is the formal end of the same scale, at home in notices and reports, and also possible when someone is speaking carefully. 和 is common in writing as well. None of the three is an error. Below, the first example uses spoken 跟, and the second uses written 与., Pattern: （跟 / 和 / 与）……有关的 + 名词.
This frame covers 所谓 +（的）+ 名词短语 — so-called. A teammate keeps repeating "efficiency". You want that word back in the sentence while you are still deciding whether the word is fair. 所谓 sets the label in quotation marks in the reader's mind., Pattern: 所谓 +（的）+ 名词短语.
The handout Practice — Part 2 section tests the patterns from this topic.
The handout Answers — Part 2 section tests the patterns from this topic.
This frame covers 在 + time + 内. 在……内 sets a limit around a length of time: within that period, and before it runs out. The middle can be exact, such as ten working days, or loose, such as a short stretch., Pattern: 在 + time + 内.
This frame covers 宁可……，也不 / 也要……. 宁可 states a choice the speaker will pay for. The ending shows which side is the goal., Pattern: 宁可……，也不 / 也要…….
This frame covers 动词 + 就 + 动词. Repeat a verb around 就 to accept an outcome and stop fighting it: if it happens, it happens., Pattern: 动词 + 就 + 动词.
This frame covers Action，好 + purpose. Here 好 means "so that," and it ties an action to its purpose., Pattern: Action，好 + purpose.
This frame covers 一面……，一面……. 一面……，一面…… puts two actions in the same stretch of time, one while the other goes on., Pattern: 一面……，一面…….
The handout Practice — Part 3 section tests the patterns from this topic.
The handout Answers — Part 3 section tests the patterns from this topic.
This frame covers 不是……，就是…… "either … or …". 不是 A，就是 B means one of the two is true. Only these two are allowed. In English we usually say "either A or B." You can put actions, adjectives, or nouns in A and B., Pattern: 不是……，就是…… "either … or …".
The handout Practice — Part 4 section tests the patterns from this topic.
The handout Answers — Part 4 section tests the patterns from this topic.
The handout answers walk through every practice item.