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AQA · GCSE

Física

Papeles, muestras y documentos curriculares para este curso.

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Código de la cualificación: 8463

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Hojas de ejercicios · AQA · GCSE · Physics (48)
Diapositivas de presentación · AQA · GCSE · Physics (8)
Material de apoyo · IGCSE Física (6)
Hojas de ejercicios · IGCSE Física (24)
Diapositivas de presentación · IGCSE Física (6)

Unidades del curso y objetivos de aprendizaje

Estas lecciones enseñan objetivos del curso seleccionados. Revisa los vacíos de cobertura restantes; el material no es un programa completo de preparación.

4.1 · Energía
  • Energy transferred per unit time.
  • Define the system and useful output before calculating efficiency. Doubling speed quadruples kinetic energy at constant mass. Power describes transfer per time, not total energy.
  • Measure a lifting height and load, time the lift, and record electrical input with suitable instruments. Repeat trials and account for heating or friction as transfers, not missing energy.
  • Energy per mass per temperature rise.
  • Temperature relates to particle motion in a model; internal energy includes kinetic and potential contributions. During a change of state, energy can change particle arrangements rather than temperature.
  • Measure mass, electrical input and temperature change for an insulated block. Ensure the temperature sensor has good contact, allow time for equilibration, and consider energy transferred to the surroundings.
potencia
Energía transferida por unidad de tiempo
eficiencia
Salida útil dividida por entrada total
capacidad calorífica específica
Energía por masa por aumento de temperatura
calor latente
Energía asociada a un cambio de estado
4.2 · Electricidad
  • Rate of flow of charge.
  • Current is the same through components in series. Potential differences add around the series path. In parallel, branches share the same potential difference, while branch currents sum at a junction.
  • Place an ammeter in series and a voltmeter in parallel. For an I-V investigation, change voltage in steps, reverse polarity when appropriate and limit current to reduce heating.
corriente
Tasa de flujo de carga
diferencia de potencial
Energía transferida por unidad de carga
4.3 · Modelo corpuscular de la materia
  • Energy per mass per temperature rise.
  • Temperature relates to particle motion in a model; internal energy includes kinetic and potential contributions. During a change of state, energy can change particle arrangements rather than temperature.
  • Measure mass, electrical input and temperature change for an insulated block. Ensure the temperature sensor has good contact, allow time for equilibration, and consider energy transferred to the surroundings.
  • Temperature on the kelvin scale.
  • State which quantities stay fixed. A pressure-volume relation requires consistent units and a fixed temperature. The kelvin-based temperature ratio is an extension only where the course explicitly specifies it.
  • Use approved apparatus with a temperature range and pressure limit set by the teacher. Allow thermal equilibrium and record pressure against kelvin temperature. Never heat an improvised sealed vessel.
capacidad calorífica específica
Energía por masa por aumento de temperatura
calor latente
Energía asociada a un cambio de estado
temperatura absoluta
Temperatura en la escala kelvin
gas ideal
Modelo de gas con supuestos simplificadores especificados
4.4 · Estructura atómica
  • Time for activity or undecayed population to halve.
  • Subtract background counts measured over the same time interval. Distinguish irradiation from contamination. Shielding, distance and reduced exposure time can reduce risk under a school-controlled procedure.
  • Use teacher-managed sources and the school radiation rules. Record count duration and repeat background measurements. Do not extrapolate a half-life from one nucleus or from uncorrected readings.
vida media
Tiempo para que la actividad o la población no descompuesta se reduzca a la mitad
radiación de fondo
Radiación medida separada de la fuente investigada
4.5 · Fuerzas
  • Mass multiplied by velocity.
  • Impulse equals momentum change. Increasing stopping time for the same momentum change reduces average force. Identify external forces before applying momentum conservation.
  • Draw a free-body diagram containing only forces on the selected object. For spring measurements, add loads in steps within the elastic range and measure extension from the unloaded position.
  • Rate of change of displacement.
  • The gradient of a displacement-time graph is velocity. The area under a velocity-time graph gives displacement. A constant-acceleration formula is valid only when its assumption is justified.
  • Choose a positive direction and state it. Use a light gate or video with a known scale and frame interval for repeatable motion measurements. Avoid assuming hand timing is exact over very short intervals.
momento
Masa multiplicada por la velocidad
fuerza resultante
La suma vectorial de las fuerzas sobre un objeto
velocidad
Tasa de cambio del desplazamiento
la aceleración
Tasa de cambio de la velocidad
4.6 · Ondas
  • Distance between successive points in phase.
  • At a boundary, frequency stays fixed by the source. A change of speed changes wavelength. Refraction follows from speed differences; angles are measured from the normal.
  • Measure several wavelengths and divide to reduce fractional reading uncertainty. Use a ray box with a normal drawn at the boundary. Keep the beam away from eyes and record incident and refracted angles clearly.
longitud de onda
Distancia entre puntos sucesivos en fase
frecuencia
Número de oscilaciones por unidad de tiempo
4.7 · Magnetismo y electromagnetismo
  • Creation of emf by changing flux linkage.
  • Changing field strength, coil area, orientation or relative motion can change flux linkage. Lenz law describes an induced effect opposing the change producing it, consistent with energy conservation.
  • Use a coil and sensitive meter to compare magnet motion in each direction. Record that a stationary arrangement gives no induced signal. Use approved low-voltage supplies for motor demonstrations.
inducción
Creación de fem mediante el cambio del enlace de flujo
transformador
Un dispositivo que transfiere energía entre bobinas mediante un cambio de flujo
4.8 · Física espacial (solo física)
  • Total emitted power.
  • For isotropic emission without absorption, flux follows an inverse-square relationship with distance. Observed brightness alone therefore cannot establish luminosity.
  • Compare source observations with the life-cycle model and identify the relevant initial mass. State limitations of evidence rather than treating a model diagram as a direct observation of one star whole lifetime.
luminosidad
Potencia total emitida
flujo
Potencia recibida por unidad de área

Preparación para esta cualificación

  • Foundation and Higher route, with physics-only and HT statements retained.
  • Paper 1: 4.1–4.4; Paper 2: 4.5–4.8. Each is 100 marks, 1 h 45 min, 50%.
  • Use the equation sheet for the actual examination year; do not infer a 2026 aid from a 2024 copy.
  • The acquired equations insert is explicitly FOR USE IN JUNE 2027 ONLY. AQA confirms its content is unchanged from 2026, but examinations must use their own dated clean insert, supplied with both papers. Preserve the insert’s HT labels; do not infer future assessment conditions from this copy.

Cobertura docente aún necesaria

  • Full energy stores, insulation, resources and efficiency objectives remain.
  • Static electricity (physics only), domestic supply/safety and detailed network calculations remain.
  • Use GCSE gas variant; density, changes of state, specific latent heat and physics-only work on gases remain.
  • Historical atomic models, decay equations, hazards/uses, fission and fusion remain.
  • Moments, pressure, vectors, elasticity, stopping-distance factors and momentum at the appropriate tier remain.
  • Full electromagnetic spectrum, lenses, sound/ultrasound and black-body radiation physics-only objectives remain.
  • Permanent/induced magnets, motor force HT, generators, microphones, transformers and loudspeakers need complete objectives.
  • Full solar-system, orbits, life-cycle and redshift objectives remain.

Especificaciones y documentos de muestra

Materiales del curso

Preparación del curso

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