Supply-side policy · 供给侧政策
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| supply-side policy/səˈplaɪ saɪd ˈpɒlɪsi/ | 供给侧政策 | gōng jǐ cè zhèng cè |
| capacity/kəˈpæsɪti/ | 产能 | chǎn néng |
| productivity/ˌprɒdəkˈtɪvɪti/ | 生产率 | shēng chǎn lǜ |
| investment/ɪnˈvestmənt/ | 投资 | tóu zī |
| infrastructure/ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə/ | 基础设施 | jī chǔ shè shī |
Growing the economy's engine
- Fiscal and monetary policy push demand up or down. Supply-side policy 供给侧政策 does something deeper.
- It tries to raise what the economy can produce — its productive capacity 产能.
培育经济的引擎
- 财政和货币政策把需求往上或往下推。供给侧政策做一些更深刻的事。
- 它试图提高经济能生产的东西——它的生产能力(capacity)。
Economics case lab · 经济学案例实验室
Classify real examples by the economic idea they show. · 根据所展示的经济学概念对真实案例进行分类。
Supply-side policy aims mainly to: · 供给侧政策的主要目标是：
It increases what the economy can produce. · 它能增加经济体的潜在产出能力。
Supply-side policy raises the economy's productive . · 供给侧政策提高了经济体的生产。
It shifts the production possibility outward. · 它将生产可能性边界向外移动。
What supply-side policy is
- Supply-side policy = measures to raise productivity 生产率 and output capacity.
- It shifts the economy's whole production possibility outward over time.
Supply-side policy aims to raise the economy's productive capacity
供给侧政策是什么
- 供给侧政策(supply-side policy)= 提高生产率和产出能力的措施。
- 它随时间使经济的整个生产可能性向外移动。
供给侧政策旨在提高经济的生产能力
Which are supply-side measures? (Select all that apply.) · 哪些属于供给侧措施？（多选）
Interest rates are monetary policy; the rest raise capacity. · 利率属于货币政策；其余选项均能提高产能。
The main measures
- Education and training → a more skilled, productive workforce.
- Lower business taxes and less red tape → more investment 投资.
- Infrastructure 基础设施 and competition policy → a more efficient economy.
主要措施
- 教育和培训 → 一支更熟练、更有生产力的劳动力。
- 更低的企业税和更少的繁文缛节 → 更多的投资。
- 基础设施(infrastructure)和竞争政策 → 一个更高效的经济。
A key advantage of supply-side policy is that it can: · 供给侧政策的一个关键优势在于它可以：
Raising capacity grows output without the inflation of demand boosts. · 提高产能可增加产出，而不会像需求拉动那样引发通胀。
Supply-side policies usually take a long time to have an effect. · 供给侧政策通常需要较长时间才能显现效果。
Training and infrastructure pay off only over years. · 培训和基础设施的收益需要数年时间才能体现。
Strengths and limits
- It can raise growth without causing inflation — the supply side, not just demand.
- But it is slow to work and can be expensive.
Supply-side ≠ demand-side. Fiscal and monetary policy manage demand; supply-side policy raises the economy's capacity to produce. They tackle different sides of the economy.
强项和局限
- 它能提高增长而不造成通货膨胀——供给侧,不只是需求。
- 但它慢起作用,且能昂贵。
供给侧 ≠ 需求侧。 财政和货币政策管理需求;供给侧政策提高经济的生产能力。它们处理经济的不同侧面。
You've got it
- supply-side policy raises productivity and productive capacity
- tools: education/training, lower business taxes, infrastructure, competition
- it grows the economy without inflation, but works slowly
你掌握了
- 供给侧政策提高生产率和生产能力
- 工具:教育/培训、更低的企业税、基础设施、竞争
- 它使经济增长而不通货膨胀,但缓慢地起作用