Corrosion of metals · 金属的腐蚀
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| rust/rʌst/ | 铁锈 | tiě xiù |
| corrosion/kəˈrəʊʒn/ | 腐蚀 | fǔ shí |
| rusting/ˈrʌstɪŋ/ | 生锈 | shēng xiù |
| galvanising/ˈɡælvənaɪzɪŋ/ | 镀锌 | dù xīn |
| sacrificial protection/ˌsækrɪˈfɪʃl prəˈtekʃn/ | 牺牲保护 | xī shēng bǎo hù |
When metals are eaten away
- Leave iron out in the rain and it slowly turns to flaky brown rust 铁锈.
- This slow destruction of a metal is corrosion 腐蚀.
当金属被侵蚀时
- 把铁留在雨中,它慢慢变成片状的棕色铁锈。
- 一种金属的这种缓慢破坏是腐蚀(corrosion)。
Rusting of iron requires which two things? (Select all that apply.) · 铁的生锈需要哪两样东西?(选择所有适用的。)
Both water and oxygen are needed. · 水和氧两者都需要。
The corrosion of iron specifically is called . · 铁的腐蚀具体被称为。
Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide. · 铁锈是水合氧化铁(III)。
Rusting 生锈 of iron
- Rusting is the corrosion of iron, forming hydrated iron(III) oxide (rust).
- It needs both water and oxygen — remove either and iron won't rust.
Corrosion slowly eats away unprotected metal
Rusting needs both water and oxygen — the nail rusts only in the tube that has both
铁的生锈
- 生锈(rusting)是铁的腐蚀,形成水合氧化铁(III)(铁锈)。
- 它需要水和氧两者——移除任一,铁就不会生锈。
腐蚀慢慢侵蚀未受保护的金属
生锈需要水和氧两者——只有同时有两者的试管里钉子才生锈
Why iron rusts — and how to stop it · 为什么铁生锈——以及如何阻止它
Step through rusting. Iron needs BOTH water and oxygen, and once it starts the rust flakes off to expose fresh metal — which is why we protect iron. · 逐步看生锈。铁需要水和氧两者,而一旦它开始,铁锈剥落以暴露新鲜的金属——这就是为什么我们保护铁。
Painting iron prevents rust by: · 给铁涂漆通过以下防止铁锈:
A barrier keeps out the water and oxygen. · 一个屏障阻挡水和氧。
Galvanising means coating iron with zinc. · 镀锌意味着用锌给铁涂层。
Zinc both forms a barrier and protects sacrificially. · 锌既形成一个屏障又牺牲性地保护。
Preventing corrosion
- Barrier methods: painting, oiling or coating to keep out water and oxygen.
- Galvanising 镀锌: coating iron with zinc.
防止腐蚀
- 屏障方法:涂漆、上油或涂层以阻挡水和氧。
- 镀锌(galvanising):用锌给铁涂层。
In sacrificial protection, the iron is protected by a metal that is: · 在牺牲保护中,铁被一种以下的金属保护:
The more reactive metal corrodes instead. · 更活泼的金属代替腐蚀。
Sacrificial protection 牺牲保护
- A more reactive metal (like zinc) corrodes instead of the iron, protecting it.
- The zinc is the "sacrifice" — it reacts in preference to the iron.
The more reactive zinc corrodes and gives its electrons to the iron, so the iron is protected even where the surface is scratched
Rusting needs both water and oxygen. A famous experiment shows iron does not rust in boiled water (no oxygen) or in dry air (no water). Both must be present.
牺牲保护
- 一种更活泼的金属(像锌)代替铁腐蚀,保护它。
- 锌是"牺牲品"——它优先于铁反应。
更活泼的锌腐蚀并把它的电子给铁,所以即使在表面刮伤处铁也受到保护
生锈需要水和氧两者。 一个著名的实验显示铁在煮沸的水(没有氧)或干燥的空气(没有水)中不生锈。两者必须都存在。
You've got it
- rusting is the corrosion of iron; it needs both water and oxygen
- prevent it with a barrier (paint, oil) or by galvanising (zinc coat)
- sacrificial protection: a more reactive metal corrodes instead of the iron
你掌握了
- 生锈是铁的腐蚀;它需要水和氧两者
- 用一个屏障(漆、油)或通过镀锌(锌涂层)防止它
- 牺牲保护:一种更活泼的金属代替铁腐蚀