African American Experience · 非裔美国人经历
Antislavery in the South
- Antislavery efforts in the South were largely limited to unsuccessful rebellions by enslaved people.
- Largely limited to and unsuccessful are both careful — the CED is describing constraint, not absence of effort.
- Paired with 4.11's antislavery movements increased in the North, this is the sectional divergence stated at its sharpest.
南方的反奴隶制
- 南方的反奴隶制努力,基本上仅限于被奴役者未能成功的起义。
- 基本上仅限于与未能成功都很谨慎——CED 描述的是约束,不是努力的缺席。
- 与 4.11 的反奴隶制运动在北方增多并置,这是地区分歧被表述得最尖锐的一次。
The CED says antislavery efforts in the South were... · CED称南方的废奴努力是……
Describing constraint, not absence of effort. · 描述的是限制，而非缺乏努力。
What was created, not only endured
- Enslaved blacks and free African Americans created communities and strategies to protect their dignity and family structures, and they joined political efforts aimed at changing their status.
- The verb is created, and the objects are communities and strategies — this is agency, stated plainly.
- Joined political efforts aimed at changing their status puts African Americans inside the reform politics of 4.11, not outside it.
被创造之物,而不只是被承受之事
- 被奴役的黑人与自由的非裔美国人创造了社群与策略,以保护他们的尊严与家庭结构,并加入了旨在改变自身地位的政治努力。
- 动词是创造,而对象是社群与策略——这是能动性,被平实地说了出来。
- 加入了旨在改变自身地位的政治努力,把非裔美国人放在 4.11 的改革政治之内,而不是之外。
Select both · 两者 things the CED says African Americans created. · 选择两项CED提到的非裔美国人创建的事物。
Agency, stated plainly. · 能动性，直截了当地陈述。
Free and enslaved, in one sentence
- The CED names enslaved blacks and free African Americans together as makers of communities and strategies.
- Their legal situations differ completely, and the CED still treats the response as continuous across both.
- 4.11 already recorded the free population growing through Northern emancipation, so the two groups are connected demographically as well.
自由与被奴役,写在一句话里
- CED 把被奴役的黑人与自由的非裔美国人一并点为社群与策略的创造者。
- 他们的法律处境完全不同,而 CED 仍然把这种回应视为跨越两者而连续的。
- 4.11 已经记录了自由人口因北方解放而增长,因此这两个群体在人口上也是相连的。
A constraint, an act of creation, or a change? · 是一种限制、一种创造行为，还是一种改变？
Sort each element of African American experience, 1800-1848. · 对非裔美国人经历（1800-1848）的每个要素进行分类。
The CED says African Americans joined political efforts aimed at changing their status. · CED称非裔美国人参与了旨在改变自身地位的政治活动。
Inside the reform politics of 4.11, not outside it. · 在4.11的改革政治之中，而非之外。
The CED's verb is created. Enslaved and free African Americans created communities and strategies to protect their dignity and family structures, and... joined political efforts aimed at changing their status — agency stated plainly, with constraints around it rather than in front of it.
CED 用的动词是创造。被奴役的与自由的非裔美国人创造了社群与策略以保护他们的尊严与家庭结构,并……加入了旨在改变自身地位的政治努力——能动性被平实地说出,而那些约束围绕在它周围,而不是挡在它前面。
Select all · 所有 the continuities this lesson names. · 选择本课提到的所有连续性。
Emancipation in this period was Northern. · 这一时期的解放发生在北方。
Continuity and change, in the objective's own words
- The objective asks for continuities and changes in the experience of African Americans from 1800 to 1848.
- Change: emancipation in the North, a growing free population, participation in reform politics.
- Continuity: slavery expanding in the South and west (4.13), rights restricted by many state governments, and community and family strategies maintained throughout.
以这一目标自身的措辞说的延续与变化
- 这一目标要求的是1800 至 1848 年间非裔美国人经历的延续与变化。
- 变化:北方的解放、不断增长的自由人口、对改革政治的参与。
- 延续:奴隶制在南方与西部的扩张(4.13)、许多州政府对权利的限制,以及始终被维系的社群与家庭策略。
2.6's earlier statement of the same point is that resistance used overt and ____ means. · 2.6对此观点的早期表述指出，抵抗使用了公开和____手段。
The two connect directly. · 两者直接相连。
Writing this subtopic
- Use the CED's own verb — created — as the spine of the answer, and put the constraints around it rather than in front of it.
- That produces an accurate account in which people act under conditions, which is what the evidence supports.
- 2.6's overt and covert means is the earlier statement of the same point, and the two connect directly.
书写本小节
- 用 CED 自己的动词——创造——作为答案的脊梁,并把那些约束放在它周围,而不是放在它前面。
- 这会产生一份准确的叙述:人们在种种条件下行动,而这正是证据所支持的。
- 2.6 的公开的与隐蔽的手段是同一论点更早的表述,两者直接相连。
Two people in different legal positions can build the same institution — a congregation, a school, a network that keeps families in contact. Their rights differ; what they made does not.
两个处于不同法律地位的人,可以建造同一种机构——一个会众、一所学校、一张让家庭保持联系的网络。他们的权利不同;他们所建造之物则不然。
Antislavery efforts in the South were largely limited to unsuccessful rebellions by enslaved people, while antislavery movements increased in the North. Enslaved blacks and free African Americans created communities and strategies to protect their dignity and family structures, and they joined political efforts aimed at changing their status. The change is Northern emancipation and a growing free population; the continuity is slavery's expansion, restricted rights, and community strategies maintained throughout.
南方的反奴隶制努力基本上仅限于被奴役者未能成功的起义,而反奴隶制运动在北方增多。**被奴役的黑人与自由的非裔美国人创造了社群与策略,以保护他们的尊严与家庭结构,并加入了旨在改变自身地位的政治努力。**变化是北方的解放与不断增长的自由人口;延续是奴隶制的扩张、受限的权利,以及始终被维系的社群策略。