Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) · 持久性有机污染物
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| persistent organic pollutants/pəˈsɪstənt ɔːˈɡænɪk pəˈluːtənts/ | 持久性有机污染物 | chí jiǔ xìng yǒu jī wū rǎn wù |
| Persistent/pəˈsɪstənt/ | 持久 | chí jiǔ |
| tissue/ˈtɪʃuː/ | 组织 | zǔ zhī |
Pollutants that never leave
- Most chemicals break down and disappear over time.
- A few refuse to break down and linger for decades.
- These are persistent organic pollutants 持久性有机污染物 (POPs).
- Because they last, they cause harm long after they are used.
永不离开的污染物
- 大多数化学物质随时间分解并消失。
- 少数拒绝分解,滞留数十年。
- 这些是持久性有机污染物(persistent organic pollutants,POPs)。
- 因为它们持续,它们在被使用很久之后仍造成伤害。
They resist breaking down
- "Persistent 持久" means they do not break down easily.
- A POP can stay in soil or water for years or decades.
- Sunlight, water, and bacteria barely touch it.
- So it keeps causing harm long after it was released.
它们抵抗分解
- "持久性"(persistent)意味着它们不容易分解。
- 一种POP能在土壤或水中停留数年或数十年。
- 阳光、水和细菌几乎碰不到它。
- 所以它在被释放很久之后仍持续造成伤害。
A key feature of a persistent organic pollutant is that it… · 一种持久性有机污染物的关键特点是它……
"Persistent" means it resists breaking down — POPs can last for years or decades. · "持久性"意味着它抵抗分解——POP能持续数年或数十年。
They build up in fat
- POPs dissolve in fat, not water.
- So they collect in the fatty tissue 组织 of animals.
- Instead of flushing out, they build up over a lifetime.
- Predators that eat many prey end up with the most.
它们在脂肪中积累
- POP溶于脂肪,不溶于水。
- 所以它们聚集在动物的脂肪组织(tissue)中。
- 它们不排出,而是一生中积累。
- 吃许多猎物的捕食者最终拥有最多。
A dangerous POP trait, or a safe one? · 危险的POP特性,还是安全的特性?
Sort each trait by whether it makes a pollutant a dangerous POP or a safer chemical. · 按照每个特性使一种污染物成为危险的POP还是较安全的化学物质,给它们分类。
DDT, a famous POP, was originally used as a… · DDT,一种著名的POP,最初被用作……
DDT was a widely used pesticide until its persistence and harm to wildlife were discovered. · DDT曾是广泛使用的农药,直到它的持久性和对野生动物的伤害被发现。
POPs dissolve in fat, so they build up in the fatty ____ of animals. · POP溶于脂肪,所以它们在动物脂肪的____中积累。
Because POPs dissolve in fat, they collect in fatty tissue and stay there for years. · 因为POP溶于脂肪,它们聚集在脂肪组织中并停留数年。
They spread worldwide
- Wind and water carry POPs across the whole planet.
- They have been found in Arctic animals far from any factory.
- Famous POPs include the pesticide DDT and industrial PCBs.
- Because they travel and last, controlling them takes global treaties.
它们传播到全世界
- 风和水把POP带到整个地球。
- 它们已在远离任何工厂的北极动物身上被发现。
- 著名的POP包括农药DDT和工业用的PCB。
- 因为它们行进且持久,控制它们需要全球条约。
POPs can travel thousands of kilometres and reach even the remote Arctic. · POP能行进数千公里,甚至到达遥远的北极。
Wind and water carry POPs worldwide — they have been found in Arctic animals far from any source. · 风和水把POP带到全世界——它们已在远离任何源头的北极动物身上被发现。
Select all · 所有 traits that make POPs so dangerous. · 选出使POP如此危险的所有特性。
POPs persist, bioaccumulate, and spread globally. They do NOT break down quickly — that is the problem. · POP持久、生物累积、全球传播。它们不快速分解——那正是问题所在。
POPs are dangerous because of three traits working together: they persist (don't break down), they bioaccumulate (build up in fat), and they travel (spread worldwide). Any one alone would be manageable — but combined, a chemical sprayed in one country can end up decades later in a polar bear on the other side of the world. That's why POPs need international bans, not just local ones.
POP危险是因为三个特性共同作用:它们持久(不分解)、它们生物累积(在脂肪中积累)、它们行进(传播到全世界)。任何一个单独都可控——但结合起来,在一个国家喷洒的化学物质能在几十年后出现在世界另一边的一只北极熊身上。这就是为什么POP需要国际禁令,而不只是地方性的。
The DDT story:
- DDT was sprayed on crops to kill insects — cheap and effective.
- But it didn't break down. It built up in the tissue of birds, thinning their eggshells until the eggs broke.
- Populations of eagles and other birds crashed. DDT was eventually banned, but decades later traces still linger in soil and animals worldwide.
DDT的故事:
- DDT被喷洒在作物上杀死昆虫——便宜又有效。
- 但它不分解。它在鸟的组织中积累,使它们的蛋壳变薄,直到蛋破裂。
- 鹰和其他鸟的种群崩溃。DDT最终被禁,但几十年后痕量仍然滞留在全世界的土壤和动物中。
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are dangerous because of three combined traits: they are persistent (resist breaking down for years), they build up in fatty tissue (bioaccumulate), and they spread worldwide on wind and water. Famous examples include DDT and PCBs. Controlling them requires international agreements.
持久性有机污染物(POPs)危险是因为三个结合的特性:它们持久(抵抗分解数年)、它们在脂肪组织中积累(生物累积)、它们随风和水传播到全世界。著名的例子包括DDT和PCB。控制它们需要国际协议。