Thermal Pollution · 热污染
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| heat/hiːt/ | 热量 | rè liàng |
| thermal pollution/ˈθɜːml pəˈluːʃn/ | 热污染 | rè wū rǎn |
| cooling/ˈkuːlɪŋ/ | 冷却 | lěng què |
| discharged/dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒd/ | 排放 | pái fàng |
| oxygen/ˈɒksɪdʒn/ | 氧气 | yǎng qì |
Pollution that is just heat
- Not all pollution is a chemical or a particle.
- Sometimes the pollutant is simply heat 热量.
- Warming a river's water can harm the life in it.
- This is thermal pollution 热污染.
只是热量的污染
- 不是所有污染都是化学物质或颗粒。
- 有时污染物只是热量(heat)。
- 加热一条河的水能伤害其中的生命。
- 这是热污染(thermal pollution)。
Where the heat comes from
- Power plants draw in cool river water for cooling 冷却.
- The water carries heat away from the machinery.
- Then the warm water is discharged 排放 back into the river.
- Factories do the same, returning warmed water.
热量从哪里来
- 发电厂抽入凉的河水用于冷却(cooling)。
- 水把热量从机器带走。
- 然后温水被排放(discharged)回河里。
- 工厂做同样的事,把加温的水送回。
Thermal pollution is… · 热污染是……
Thermal pollution is heat added to water — usually warm water discharged by power plants or factories. · 热污染是加入水的热量——通常是发电厂或工厂排放的温水。
Warm water holds less oxygen
- Cold water can hold plenty of dissolved oxygen 氧气.
- Warm water holds much less of it.
- So heating the river lowers the oxygen fish depend on.
- The warmer the water, the less oxygen it carries.
温水含氧更少
- 冷水能容纳大量溶解的氧气(oxygen)。
- 温水容纳的少得多。
- 所以加热河水降低鱼依赖的氧气。
- 水越温暖,它携带的氧气越少。
How thermal pollution harms a river · 热污染如何伤害一条河
Follow cooling water from a power plant to fish struggling in warm, low-oxygen water. · 跟随冷却水从发电厂到在温暖、低氧的水中挣扎的鱼。
Warmer water is harmful to fish mainly because it… · 更温暖的水对鱼有害,主要因为它……
Hot water holds less oxygen, so fish struggle to breathe even as their bodies need more. · 热水含有更少的氧气,所以鱼挣扎着呼吸,而它们的身体却需要更多。
The most common source of thermal pollution is warm water from power ____. · 热污染最常见的来源是来自发电____的温水。
Power · 功率 plants use river water to cool their machinery, then return it warm. · 发电厂用河水冷却它们的机器,然后把它温热地送回。
A double hit for fish
- Warmth speeds up a fish's body, so it needs more oxygen.
- But the warm water supplies less oxygen.
- Fish are stressed, and sensitive species may die.
- The whole balance of the river community shifts.
对鱼的双重打击
- 温暖加快鱼的身体,所以它需要更多氧气。
- 但温水供应更少的氧气。
- 鱼受到压力,敏感的物种可能死亡。
- 整个河流群落的平衡发生转变。
Warm water speeds up fish metabolism, so they need more oxygen just as there is less. · 温水加快鱼的代谢,所以它们需要更多氧气,而氧气恰恰更少。
A double hit: warmth raises the fish's oxygen demand while the warm water supplies less of it. · 双重打击:温暖升高鱼的氧气需求,而温水供应的更少。
Select all · 所有 true statements about thermal pollution. · 选出关于热污染的所有正确说法。
Thermal pollution is about heat, not chemicals — warm water holds less oxygen and stresses fish. · 热污染关乎热量,不是化学物质——温水含氧更少并胁迫鱼。
Thermal pollution is sneaky because you add nothing to the water — no chemical, no particle, just heat. Yet it's a double blow: warm water holds less oxygen at the very moment it speeds up the fish's need for oxygen. Cold-water species like trout are hit first. It's a reminder that "pollution" includes changing a physical condition, not only adding a substance.
热污染很隐蔽,因为你什么都不加到水里——没有化学物质,没有颗粒,只有热量。然而它是双重打击:温水含氧更少,恰恰在它加快鱼对氧气的需求的时刻。鳟鱼等冷水物种最先受打击。它提醒我们"污染"包括改变一个物理条件,不只是添加一种物质。
A river below a power plant:
- The plant draws in cool water, uses it for cooling, and discharges it several degrees warmer.
- Just downstream, the warm water carries less oxygen — while the heat makes the fish breathe faster and need more.
- The trout, which need cold, oxygen-rich water, vanish from that stretch, replaced by a few heat-tolerant species.
发电厂下游的一条河:
- 电厂抽入凉水,用它冷却,然后把它温高几度地排放。
- 就在下游,温水携带更少的氧气——而热量使鱼呼吸更快、需要更多。
- 需要冷的、富氧的水的鳟鱼从那一段消失,被少数耐热的物种取代。
Thermal pollution is harmful heating of water, usually warm water discharged by power plants and factories after cooling their machinery. Warm water holds less dissolved oxygen, while heat speeds up fish metabolism so they need more — a double hit that stresses or kills aquatic life. No substance is added; the pollutant is heat itself.
热污染是对水的有害加热,通常是发电厂和工厂在冷却机器后排放的温水。温水含有更少的溶解氧气,而热量加快鱼的代谢,让它们需要更多——一个胁迫或杀死水生生物的双重打击。没有物质被添加;污染物是热量本身。