Age Structure Diagrams · 年龄结构图
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| age structure diagram/eɪdʒ ˈstrʌktʃə ˈdaɪəɡræm/ | 年龄结构图 | nián líng jié gòu tú |
A population's snapshot
- To predict a country's future, look at its ages today.
- A population full of children will grow; one full of elderly will shrink.
- An age structure diagram shows this at a glance.
- Its shape is a powerful forecasting tool.
一个种群的快照
- 要预测一个国家的未来,看它今天的年龄。
- 一个满是孩子的种群会增长;一个满是老人的会缩小。
- 一张年龄结构图一眼就显示出来。
- 它的形状是一个强大的预测工具。
What the diagram shows
- An age structure diagram 年龄结构图 stacks age groups from youngest at the bottom to oldest at the top.
- Males are shown on one side, females on the other.
- Wide bars mean many people in that age group.
- The overall shape reveals whether the population is young or old.
这张图显示什么
- 一张年龄结构图(age structure diagram)把年龄组从底部最年轻到顶部最年长堆叠起来。
- 男性显示在一侧,女性在另一侧。
- 宽的条意味着那个年龄组里有许多人。
- 整体的形状揭示种群是年轻的还是年老的。
An age structure diagram shows… · 一张年龄结构图显示……
An age structure diagram shows the number of males and females in each age group. · 一张年龄结构图显示每个年龄组里男性和女性的数量。
A wide base means growth
- A wide base means many children and young adults.
- These young people are the parents of the future.
- So a wide-based, pyramid-shaped diagram predicts rapid growth.
- Many developing countries have this shape.
宽的底部意味着增长
- 一个宽的底部意味着许多孩子和年轻的成年人。
- 这些年轻人是未来的父母。
- 所以一张宽底的、金字塔形的图预测快速增长。
- 许多发展中国家有这个形状。
A wide base (many young people) predicts a population that will… · 一个宽的底部(许多年轻人)预测一个……的种群。
Many young people means many future parents, so the population will grow. · 许多年轻人意味着许多未来的父母,所以种群将增长。
A narrow base, with few children and many elderly, predicts a ____ population. · 一个窄的底部,孩子少、老人多,预测一个____的种群。
Few young people means few future parents, so the population will shrink. · 年轻人少意味着未来的父母少,所以种群将缩小。
Narrow base means decline
- A narrow base means few children compared with older people.
- Fewer future parents means the population will shrink.
- A top-heavy diagram, with more elderly than young, predicts decline.
- A roughly straight-sided shape predicts a stable population.
窄的底部意味着衰退
- 一个窄的底部意味着与年长的人相比孩子很少。
- 未来的父母更少,意味着种群将缩小。
- 一张头重脚轻的图,老人比年轻人多,预测衰退。
- 一个大致直边的形状预测一个稳定的种群。
What does the shape predict? · 这个形状预测什么?
Sort each age structure shape by whether the population will grow, stay stable, or shrink. · 按照种群会增长、保持稳定还是缩小,给每个年龄结构形状分类。
The shape of an age structure diagram helps predict future population change. · 年龄结构图的形状帮助预测未来的人口变化。
The proportion of young to old predicts whether the population will grow or shrink. · 年轻人对老年人的比例预测种群会增长还是缩小。
Select all · 所有 true statements about age structure diagrams. · 选出关于年龄结构图的所有正确说法。
The shape predicts a great deal about future population change. The other three are correct. · 这个形状预测了很多关于未来人口变化的信息。其余三条正确。
The base of the diagram — the number of children — is what predicts the future. A wide base guarantees growth for decades, even if birth rates fall today, because so many future parents are already born. This built-in momentum is why fast-growing populations are hard to slow quickly.
图的底部——孩子的数量——是预测未来的东西。一个宽的底部即使今天出生率下降也保证几十年的增长,因为这么多未来的父母已经出生了。这种内在的惯性,就是为什么快速增长的人口难以快速减缓。
Two countries compared:
- Country A has a wide-based pyramid: half its people are under 15, so it will grow fast for decades.
- Country B has a narrow base and many elderly: its population will shrink and age.
- The same total population, but two very different futures — read straight from the diagram's shape.
比较两个国家:
- 国家 A 有一个宽底的金字塔:一半的人不到 15 岁,所以它将快速增长几十年。
- 国家 B 有一个窄的底部和许多老人:它的人口将缩小并老化。
- 同样的总人口,但两个非常不同的未来——直接从图的形状读出来。
An age structure diagram shows the number of people in each age group. A wide base (many children) predicts a growing population; a narrow base (few children) predicts a shrinking one; a straight-sided shape predicts stability. The shape forecasts future population change.
一张年龄结构图显示每个年龄组里的人数。一个宽的底部(许多孩子)预测一个增长的种群;一个窄的底部(少数孩子)预测一个缩小的;一个直边的形状预测稳定。这个形状预测未来的人口变化。