Tax, unemployment and PESTLE · 税收、失业率和PESTLE
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| taxation/tækˈseɪʃn/ | 税收 | shuì shōu |
| unemployment/ʌnemˈplɔɪmənt/ | 失业 | shī yè |
| VAT/ˌviː eɪ ˈtiː/ | 增值税 | zēng zhí shuì |
| threats/θrets/ | 威胁 | wēi xié |
| opportunities/ɒpəˈtjuːnɪtiz/ | 机会 | jī huì |
| emissions/ɪˈmɪʃnz/ | 排放 | pái fàng |
| globalisation/ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ | 全球化 | quán qiú huà |
| anticipate/ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ | 预见 | yù jiàn |
| adapt/əˈdæpt/ | 调整 | tiáo zhěng |
Government, society and the law
- Beyond the economy, a business is shaped by taxes, employment levels, laws, technology and society.
- A useful checklist for all of this is PESTLE.
政府、社会与法律
- 在经济之外,一个企业被税收、就业水平、法律、技术和社会塑造。
- 对所有这些的一个有用的检查清单是 PESTLE。
External influences lab · 外部影响实验
Classify outside changes by the channel that hits the business. · 根据冲击企业的渠道对外部变化进行分类。
A rise in the tax on company profits is likely to: · 公司利润税率的上升可能会导致：
Higher profit tax leaves the firm with less. · 较高的利润税使企业留存的更少。
For a business, high unemployment usually means: · 对于企业而言，高失业率通常意味着：
Demand falls, but labour is more available and cheaper. · 需求下降，但劳动力更易获得且成本更低。
Taxation 税收 and unemployment 失业
- Higher taxes (on profit, or VAT 增值税) cut profit and consumer spending.
- High unemployment means weaker demand but an easier, cheaper supply of labour.
PESTLE: six external forces acting on a business
税收与失业
- 更高的税(对利润,或增值税)削减利润和消费者支出。
- 高失业意味着更弱的需求但更容易、更便宜的劳动供给。
PESTLE:作用于一个企业的六种外部力量
Which letters of PESTLE are correctly matched? (Select all that apply.) · 以下哪些PESTLE字母匹配正确？（选择所有适用项。）
T stands for Technological, not Taxation. · T代表Technological（技术），而非Taxation（税收）。
In PESTLE, the letter S stands for . · 在PESTLE中，字母S代表。
PESTLE = Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental. · PESTLE = Political（政治）、Economic（经济）、Social（社会）、Technological（技术）、Legal（法律）、Environmental（环境）。
The PESTLE framework
- Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental.
- It is a structured way to scan the external environment for threats 威胁 and opportunities 机会.
Worked example. A delivery firm scans PESTLE: new emissions 排放 laws (Legal/Environmental), electric-van technology (Technological), and a rise in online shopping (Social) — together pointing to investing in an electric fleet.
Stacked shipping containers: globalisation 全球化 lets firms trade and produce worldwide
PESTLE 框架
- Political(政治)、Economic(经济)、Social(社会)、Technological(技术)、Legal(法律)、Environmental(环境)。
- 它是一种结构化的方式来扫描外部环境的威胁和机会。
例题。 一家送货公司扫描 PESTLE:新的排放法律(法律/环境)、电动货车技术(技术),以及在线购物的上升(社会)——一起指向投资于一个电动车队。
堆叠的航运集装箱:全球化让企业在全球交易和生产
PESTLE factors are part of the external environment that a firm cannot directly control. · PESTLE因素是企业无法直接控制的外部环境的一部分。
Firms can anticipate and adapt, but not control them. · 企业可以预见并适应这些因素，但无法控制它们。
Responding to external change
- Firms can't control PESTLE factors, but they can anticipate 预见 and adapt 调整.
- Good strategy turns external threats into opportunities.
Higher interest rates raise borrowing costs and cut spending
回应外部变化
- 企业不能控制 PESTLE 因素,但他们能预期和适应。
- 好的战略把外部威胁变成机会。
You've got it
- higher taxes cut profit and spending; high unemployment weakens demand but eases hiring
- PESTLE = Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental
- firms can't control these but can anticipate and adapt
你掌握了
- 更高的税削减利润和支出;高失业削弱需求但缓解招聘
- PESTLE = 政治、经济、社会、技术、法律、环境
- 企业不能控制这些但能预期和适应