HSK 1

任务一、六 · Introductions, identity and polite exchanges

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Чему учит эта тема

Ваш первый китайский разговор: представление себя, вопрос о том, кто такой собеседник, и четыре вежливых слова, открывающих любое общение. Одно маленькое слово — (yes/no ?)吗ma — превращает любое утверждение в вопрос с ответом да/нет, и оно будет сопровождать вас всю жизнь изучения китайского языка.

Как представиться

I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào林安lín ān。 (Wǒ jiào Lín Ān.) — Меня зовут Линь Ань.

I / me我wǒto be / is是shìstudent学生xué shēng。 (Wǒ shì xuésheng.) — Я студент.

variant of 叫叫jiào вводит имя — «Меня зовут…». to be / is是shì связывает то, кем вы являетесь — студент, учитель, врач. Две разные профессии, два разных слова.

Вы учитель? (Nǐ shì lǎoshī ma?) — Are you a teacher?

Добавление (yes/no ?)吗ma в конец превращает утверждение в вопрос «да/нет» — ничего больше не перемещается. I / me我wǒto be / is是shìteacher老师lǎo shī "Я учитель" превращается в you你nǐto be / is是shìteacher老师lǎo shī(yes/no ?)吗ma "Вы учитель?"

Попробуйте. Представьтесь дважды, используя каждый из глаголов: I / me我wǒvariant of 叫叫jiào……，I / me我wǒto be / is是shì……。 Скажите это вашему столику, а затем однокласснику.

Запросы «что», а не вопросы «да/нет»

you你nǐvariant of 叫叫jiàowhat什么shén mename (of a person or thing)名字míng zì？ (Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?) — Как вас зовут?

Вопросительное слово (what什么shén me "что", who谁shéi "кто") уже предполагает запрос информации — не добавляйте (yes/no ?)吗ma к нему. (yes/no ?)吗ma используется только для вопросов «да/нет».

Отрицание строится с помощью not不bù: I / me我wǒno不是bú shìteacher老师lǎo shī (wǒ bú shì lǎoshī) — Я не учитель. not不bù ставится перед to be / is是shì, остальное не меняется.

Четы вежливых слова

Слово	Когда использовать
hello你好nǐ hǎo (nǐ hǎo)	Приветствие
to thank谢谢xiè xiè (xièxie)	Спасибо
I'm sorry对不起duì bù qǐ (duìbuqǐ)	Извините
goodbye再见zài jiàn (zàijiàn)	До свидания (при уходе)

Попробуйте. Пройдите полный цикл с партнером: hello你好nǐ hǎo → you你nǐvariant of 叫叫jiàowhat什么shén mename (of a person or thing)名字míng zì？ → to thank谢谢xiè xiè → goodbye再见zài jiàn.

Будьте осторожны

Пиньинь помогает услышать звуки, но на экзамене проверяют иероглифы — продолжайте изучать оба формата одновременно.
В ролевой игре придумайте имя и личность; никогда не используйте реальные контактные данные.

Повторение

Какой глагол вводит имя — variant of 叫叫jiào или to be / is是shì？
Как превратить «I / me我wǒto be / is是shìteacher老师lǎo shī» в вопрос?
Может ли «you你nǐvariant of 叫叫jiàowhat什么shén mename (of a person or thing)名字míng zì？」 принимать частицу (yes/no ?)吗ma?
Какое вежливое слово используется при прощании?

(Ответы: 1. variant of 叫叫jiào вводит имя; to be / is是shì связывает идентичность. 2. Добавьте (yes/no ?)吗ma: you你nǐto be / is是shìteacher老师lǎo shī(yes/no ?)吗ma？ 3. Нет — вопросы с вопросительными словами уже содержат запрос информации. 4. goodbye再见zài jiàn.)

Словарь

Тренировать

English	Русский
to love	爱
eight	八
father	爸爸
cup	杯子
Beijing	北京
measure word for books	本
not	不
you're welcome	不客气
dish	菜
tea	茶
to eat	吃
taxi	出租车
to make a telephone call	打电话
big	大
possessive particle	的
point	点
computer	电脑
television	电视
movie	电影
thing	东西
all	都
to read	读
I'm sorry	对不起
many	多
how much	多少
son	儿子
two	二
restaurant	饭馆
airplane	飞机
minute	分钟
happy	高兴
measure word	个
to work	工作
dog	狗
Chinese language	汉语
good	好
to drink	喝
and	和
very	很
the back	后面
to return	回
can	会
train station	火车站
how many	几
home	家
to shout	叫
today	今天
nine	九
to open	开
to see	看
to catch sight of	看见
piece	块
to come	来
teacher	老师
completed-action particle	了
cold	冷
inside	里
zero	零
six	六
mama	妈妈
question particle	吗
to buy	买
cat	猫
not have	没
it doesn't matter	没关系
rice	米饭
name	名字
tomorrow	明天
which	哪
that	那
follow-up question particle	呢
to be able to	能
you	你
year	年
daughter	女儿
friend	朋友
pretty	漂亮
apple	苹果
seven	七
ahead	前面
money	钱
to ask	请
to go	去
hot	热
person	人
to know	认识
sun	日
three	三
store	商店
up	上
morning	上午
few	少
what?	什么
ten	十
time	时候
to be	是
book	书
who	谁
water	水
fruit	水果
to go to bed	睡觉
to speak	说话
four	四
years old	岁
he	他
she	她
too	太
weather	天气
to listen to	听
to study at the same school	同学
hello	喂
I	我
we	我们
five	五
to like	喜欢
down	下
afternoon	下午
to rain	下雨
gentleman	先生
now	现在
to think	想
small	小
young lady	小姐
some	些
to write	写
to thank	谢谢
week	星期
student	学生
to learn	学习
school	学校
one	一
clothes	衣服
doctor	医生
hospital	医院
chair	椅子
to have	有
moon	月
goodbye	再见
to exist	在
how?	怎么
how about?	怎么样
this	这
China	中国
noon	中午
to live	住
table	桌子
letter	字
yesterday	昨天
to sit	坐
to make	做

2
任务二 · Dates, time and event information
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Договориться о времени встречи

Ask the day and time, then agree when to meet.

Build the meaning

Numbers combine: eleven十一shí yī is 11, twenty二十èr shí is 20, and 二十三èr shí sān is 23. For clock time, 三点sān diǎn is 3 o’clock and 三点sān diǎnполовина半bàn is 3:30.

week星期xīng qīhow many / a few几jǐ asks the weekday; what time?几点jǐ diǎn asks the clock time. A simple time phrase can come before the verb: I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiān三点sān diǎnto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。

Useful words in context
- tomorrow明天míng tiān míngtiān — tomorrow. I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiānto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。
- Wednesday星期三xīng qī sān xīngqīsān — Wednesday. tomorrow明天míng tiānto be / is是shìWednesday星期三xīng qī sān。
- what time?几点jǐ diǎn jǐ diǎn — what time. you你nǐwhat time?几点jǐ diǎnto go去qù？
- половина半bàn bàn — half. 三点sān diǎnполовина半bàn。
- school学校xué xiào xuéxiào — school. I / me我wǒto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。
Read for meaning

tomorrow明天míng tiānto be / is是shìWednesday星期三xīng qī sān。Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lì三点sān diǎnto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。林安lín ān三点sān diǎn半去bàn qùschool学校xué xiào。

Tomorrow is Wednesday. Wang Li goes to school at three. Lin An goes at half past three.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

tomorrow明天míng tiānWednesday星期三xīng qī sān，we / us我们wǒ menafternoon下午xià wǔ四点sì diǎnat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoto appear见jiàn。

Tomorrow, Wednesday, we will meet at school at four in the afternoon.

Speak and write

Ask a partner the day and time of a fictional meeting. They suggest Wednesday at four; confirm it.

Write a two-line meeting note: the weekday and time, then the place. Change at least one detail from the reading.

One speaking model: A: week星期xīng qīhow many / a few几jǐ？what time?几点jǐ diǎn？ B: Wednesday星期三xīng qī sānafternoon下午xià wǔ四点sì diǎn。 A: хороший好hǎo，afternoon下午xià wǔ四点sì diǎnto appear见jiàn。

One writing model: Thursday星期四xīng qī sìafternoon下午xià wǔ三点sān diǎnполовина半bàn。we / us我们wǒ menat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoto appear见jiàn。
- The weekday and clock time are identifiable.
- The place is stated.
- The time differs from the reading.
Check the distinction: Wednesday星期三xīng qī sān is a weekday; 三点sān diǎn is a clock time. Do not answer one question with the other.

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3
任务三、九 · Objects, quantities and buying
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Купить небольшое количество

Ask the price and buy a stated number of things.

Build the meaning

Count ordinary objects with number + measure word + noun: 两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒ, two apples. two两liǎng is useful before (measure word)个gè; two二èr is used in numbers such as twenty二十èr shí.

how many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián asks a price. 我要wǒ yào…… says what you want in this buying situation; it is not the same as I / me我wǒto have / there is有yǒu……, I have.

Useful words in context
- apple苹果píng guǒ píngguǒ — apple. 我要wǒ yào两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒ。
- (measure word)个gè ge — general measure word. 三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ。
- how many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián duōshao qián — how much money. how many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián？
- lump块kuài kuài — yuan, spoken. 十块钱shí kuài qián。
- want / will / need要yào yào — want, in this request. 我要wǒ yàoвода水shuǐ。
Read for meaning

林安要lín ān yào两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒand / with和hé一杯yī bēiвода水shuǐ。两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒ六块钱liù kuài qián，一杯yī bēiвода水shuǐ三块sān kuàicoin钱qián。altogether一共yī gòng九块jiǔ kuàicoin钱qián。

Lin An wants two apples and one cup of water. The apples cost six yuan and the water three: nine yuan altogether.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

我要wǒ yào三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ，don't不要bú yàoвода水shuǐ。三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ九块jiǔ kuàicoin钱qián。

I want three apples, not water. Three apples cost nine yuan.

Speak and write

Be a customer: ask a price, then order three apples. Be the seller and give a price.

Write a short order for two apples and water. State a fictional total price.

One speaking model: A: 三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒhow many / how much多少duō shaocoin钱qián？ B: 九块jiǔ kuàicoin钱qián。 A: 我要wǒ yào三个sān gèapple苹果píng guǒ。

One writing model: 我要wǒ yào两个liǎng gèapple苹果píng guǒand / with和hé一杯yī bēiвода水shuǐ。altogether一共yī gòng十块钱shí kuài qián。
- Use a number and measure word with apple苹果píng guǒ.
- Include both requested items.
- Label the price as a total.
Check the distinction: The count is 两个liǎng gè, not 二个èr gè in this ordinary phrase. Use a measure word instead of directly copying English two apples.

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4
任务四、五 · Weather, places and location
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Описать погоду и местоположение

Say what the weather is like and where a place is.

Build the meaning

For an ordinary description, say today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnхолодно冷lěng, today is cold. degree / adjective linker很hěn often supports a neutral adjective description; it does not always mean strongly “very”.

A place expression can use at / in在zài: school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàihospital医院yī yuànсторона旁边páng biān, the school is beside the hospital. The adjective pattern and location pattern do different jobs.

Useful words in context
- холодно冷lěng lěng — cold. today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnхолодно冷lěng。
- to warm up热rè rè — hot. today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rè。
- to rain下雨xià yǔ xià yǔ — rain. today今天jīn tiānto rain下雨xià yǔ。
- сторона旁边páng biān pángbiān — beside. school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàihospital医院yī yuànсторона旁边páng biān。
- where哪里nǎ lǐ nǎlǐ — where. school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàiwhere哪里nǎ lǐ？
Read for meaning

today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnхолодно冷lěng，still / also还háito rain下雨xià yǔ。林安不去lín ān bù qùpark (for public recreation)公园gōng yuán。she / her她tāto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàihospital医院yī yuànсторона旁边páng biān。

It is cold and also raining today. Lin An does not go to the park. She goes to school, which is beside the hospital.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rè，不下雨bù xià yǔ。park (for public recreation)公园gōng yuánat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoсторона旁边páng biān。

It is hot today and not raining. The park is beside the school.

Speak and write

Describe today’s weather. Ask a partner where a fictional school is and answer with сторона旁边páng biān.

Write one weather sentence and one location sentence using a different place order.

One speaking model: A: 今天天气jīn tiān tiān qìhow about怎么样zěn me yàng？ B: degree / adjective linker很hěnхолодно冷lěng。 A: school学校xué xiàoat / in在zàiwhere哪里nǎ lǐ？ B: at / in在zàihospital医院yī yuànсторона旁边páng biān。

One writing model: today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnto warm up热rè。hospital医院yī yuànat / in在zàischool学校xué xiàoсторона旁边páng biān。
- Use an adjective or weather expression.
- Use at / in在zài for location.
- Keep the two sentence purposes distinct.
Check the distinction: For the ordinary adjective description use today今天jīn tiāndegree / adjective linker很hěnхолодно冷lěng. Do not insert to be / is是shì just because English says is cold.

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5
任务七、十五 · Meals and traditional foods
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Чему учит эта тема

Еда и напитки: variant of 吃吃chī для еды, to shout喝hē для напитков, want / think / miss想xiǎng для «хотел(а) бы», а также два маркера at / in在zài и (completed / change)了le, которые указывают на время совершения действия.

variant of 吃吃chī и to shout喝hē

variant of 吃吃chī(cooked) rice米饭mǐ fàn (chī mǐfàn) — есть рис. 喝水hē shuǐ (hē shuǐ) — пить воду.

Для еды используется variant of 吃吃chī, для напитков — to shout喝hē. Предпочтение выражается через to like喜欢xǐ huan: I / me我wǒto like喜欢xǐ huan吃饺子chī jiǎo zi (wǒ xǐhuan chī jiǎozi) — Я люблю есть пельмени. Практическая лексика меню: dumpling饺子jiǎo zi пельмени, bao (steamed stuffed bun)包子bāo zi булочки на пару, noodles面条miàn tiáo лапша.

want / think / miss想xiǎng: хотел(а) бы

I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngto drink tea喝茶hē chá。 (Wǒ xiǎng hē chá.) — Я бы хотел(а) попить чая.

want / think / miss想xiǎng + глагол выражает желание. Вопрос с what什么shén me спрашивает какой именно предмет, а не требует ответа да/нет: you你nǐwant / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chīten (used in fractions…什shén variant of 么么me？ — Что ты хочешь съесть?

at / in在zài и (completed / change)了le: когда происходит действие

at / in在zài / in the middle of正在zhèng zài + глагол = действие происходит сейчас: I / me我wǒat / in在zàito have a meal吃饭chī fàn (wǒ zài chīfàn) — Я ем (прямо сейчас).

(completed / change)了le обозначает завершенное действие или изменение: I / me我wǒvariant of 吃吃chī(completed / change)了le (wǒ chī le) — Я поел (уже закончил).

Попробуйте. Ответьте на три вопроса об одной и той же еде: you你nǐwant / think / miss想xiǎngvariant of 吃吃chīwhat什么shén me？ Что вы бы хотели? you你nǐat / in在zàivariant of 吃吃chīwhat什么shén me？ Что вы едите прямо сейчас? you你nǐvariant of 吃吃chī(completed / change)了lewhat什么shén me？ Что вы съели?

Будьте осторожны

(completed / change)了le не является универсальным суффиксом прошедшего времени. Он указывает на завершенность и изменение в полном контексте — некоторые глаголы английского прошедшего времени требуют его, другие нет.

Повторение

Какой глагол используется с водой — variant of 吃吃chī (есть) или to shout喝hē (пить)?

Что выражает want / think / miss想xiǎng + глагол?

Как сказать «Я ем (сейчас)»?

Является ли (completed / change)了le суффиксом прошедшего времени?

(Ответы: 1. to shout喝hē: 喝水hē shuǐ. 2. Желание — «хотел бы». 3. I / me我wǒat / in在zàito have a meal吃饭chī fàn (или in the middle of正在zhèng zàito have a meal吃饭chī fàn). 4. Нет — он обозначает завершенность или изменение; контекст решает.)
6
任务八 · Travel, destinations and simple directions
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Назвать пункт назначения и время отправления

Say where you are going, when, and how.

Build the meaning

Put time before the main action in this simple pattern: I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiān八点bā diǎnto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi. Mandarin does not add an English-style future verb ending here.

坐火车zuò huǒ chē describes transport; to go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi gives the destination. Asking to go去qùwhere哪里nǎ lǐ needs a place; asking how / why怎么zěn meto go去qù needs a method.

Useful words in context
- to go去qù qù — go. I / me我wǒto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。
- train火车huǒ chē huǒchē — train. I / me我wǒ坐火车zuò huǒ chē。
- to sit坐zuò zuò — travel by / sit. I / me我wǒ坐火车zuò huǒ chēto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。
- Shanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi Shànghǎi — Shanghai. I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiānto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。
- 八点bā diǎn bā diǎn — eight o’clock. I / me我wǒ八点bā diǎnto go去qù。
Read for meaning

Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lìtomorrow明天míng tiān八点bā diǎn坐火车zuò huǒ chēto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。林安lín āntomorrow明天míng tiān九点jiǔ diǎn坐车去zuò chē qùschool学校xué xiào。Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lìtoday今天jīn tiānat / in在zàischool学校xué xiào。

Tomorrow Wang Li takes a train to Shanghai at eight. Lin An goes to school by vehicle at nine. Wang Li is at school today.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiān九点jiǔ diǎn坐火车zuò huǒ chēto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。

Tomorrow I take a train to Shanghai at nine.

Speak and write

Ask where a partner is going tomorrow and how. Give your own fictional departure plan.

Write a travel plan with a time, method, and destination. Change the time from the reading.

One speaking model: A: you你nǐtomorrow明天míng tiānto go去qùwhere哪里nǎ lǐ？ B: Shanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。 A: how / why怎么zěn meto go去qù？ B: 坐火车zuò huǒ chē。

One writing model: I / me我wǒtomorrow明天míng tiān十点shí diǎn坐火车zuò huǒ chēto go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi。
- Include a time before the action.
- Include to sit坐zuò plus transport.
- Include to go去qù plus a place.
Check the distinction: at / in在zàiShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi gives a location; to go去qùShanghai municipality…上海shàng hǎi gives a destination. Do not answer to go去qùwhere哪里nǎ lǐ with only 坐火车zuò huǒ chē.

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7
任务十、十一 · Needs, wellbeing and leisure
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Раздаточный материал
Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Выразить потребность и ответить доброжелательно

Say how you feel and what you would like to do.

Build the meaning

I / me我wǒнет不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú states feeling unwell; I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngrest休息xiū xī states a wish to rest. A language exercise does not diagnose illness.

can / will会huì asks about a learned skill; can / be able to能néng can ask about possibility in the situation. Compare can / will会huìswimming游泳yóu yǒng и today今天jīn tiāncan / be able to能néngswimming游泳yóu yǒng.

Useful words in context
- нет不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú bù shūfu — feel unwell. I / me我wǒнет不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú。
- rest休息xiū xī xiūxi — rest. I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngrest休息xiū xī。
- swimming游泳yóu yǒng yóuyǒng — swim. 我会wǒ huìswimming游泳yóu yǒng。
- can / will会huì huì — know how to. you你nǐcan / will会huìswimming游泳yóu yǒng(yes/no ?)吗ma？
- can / be able to能néng néng — can in the situation. you你nǐtoday今天jīn tiāncan / be able to能néngto go去qù(yes/no ?)吗ma？
Read for meaning

林安会lín ān huìswimming游泳yóu yǒng，but但是dàn shìtoday今天jīn tiānнет不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú。she / her她tātoday今天jīn tiān不去bù qùswimming游泳yóu yǒng，want / think / miss想xiǎngto be at home在家zài jiārest休息xiū xī。

Lin An knows how to swim, but feels unwell today. She does not go swimming and wants to rest at home.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

我会wǒ huìswimming游泳yóu yǒng，but但是dàn shìtoday今天jīn tiāncannot不能bù néngto go去qù。I / me我wǒwant / think / miss想xiǎngrest休息xiū xī。

I know how to swim, but cannot go today. I want to rest.

Speak and write

Ask a partner whether they can go today. In a fictional role, say you feel unwell and want to rest.

Write two sentences contrasting a skill and today’s possibility.

One speaking model: A: you你nǐtoday今天jīn tiāncan / be able to能néngto go去qù(yes/no ?)吗ma？ B: I / me我wǒнет不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú，want / think / miss想xiǎngrest休息xiū xī。 A: хороший好hǎo。

One writing model: 我会wǒ huìswimming游泳yóu yǒng。today今天jīn tiānI / me我wǒcannot不能bù néngto go去qù，want / think / miss想xiǎngrest休息xiū xī。
- Use can / will会huì for the skill.
- Use today今天jīn tiān to locate the situation.
- State the wish clearly.
Check the distinction: can / will会huì и can / be able to能néng overlap in some contexts, but a learned skill is different from being able to participate today.

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8
任务十二—十四 · School, study and work routines
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Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Прочитать расписание и сказать, что существует

Find a lesson time and describe a school facility.

Build the meaning

to have / there is有yǒu states having or existence; its ordinary negative is not have / haven't没有méi yǒu. school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn и school学校xué xiàonot have / haven't没有méi yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí describe different facilities.

Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kèwhat time?几点jǐ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ asks when the Chinese lesson starts. Match the correct subject and time before answering.

Useful words in context
- Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè Zhōngwén kè — Chinese lesson. Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè九点jiǔ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。
- to start开始kāi shǐ kāishǐ — begin. 九点jiǔ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。
- to have / there is有yǒu yǒu — have / there is. school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn。
- not have / haven't没有méi yǒu méiyǒu — do not have / there is no. school学校xué xiàonot have / haven't没有méi yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí。
- library图书馆tú shū guǎn túshūguǎn — library. I / me我wǒto go去qùlibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn。
Read for meaning

Monday星期一xīng qī yī，Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè九点jiǔ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ，数学课shù xué kè十点shí diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn，not have / haven't没有méi yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí。

On Monday, Chinese starts at nine and mathematics at ten. The school has a library but no swimming pool.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

Tuesday星期二xīng qī èr，Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè十点shí diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒuswimming pool游泳池yóu yǒng chí。

On Tuesday, Chinese starts at ten. The school has a swimming pool.

Speak and write

Ask when a fictional Chinese class starts. Then ask about a library and reply with to have / there is有yǒu или not have / haven't没有méi yǒu.

Write a small timetable note and one sentence about a facility.

One speaking model: A: Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kèwhat time?几点jǐ diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ？ B: 九点jiǔ diǎn。 A: school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn(yes/no ?)吗ma？ B: to have / there is有yǒu。

One writing model: Wednesday星期三xīng qī sān，Chinese language中文zhōng wénsubject课kè十点shí diǎnto start开始kāi shǐ。school学校xué xiàoto have / there is有yǒulibrary图书馆tú shū guǎn。
- State the weekday and subject.
- State a clock time.
- Use to have / there is有yǒu или not have / haven't没有méi yǒu for the facility.
Check the distinction: Do not write 不有bù yǒu for this ordinary absence statement. not have / haven't没有méi yǒu can refer to a current situation.

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9
听力与阅读 · Listen for the referent and read for the relationship
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Use the examples with their context and limits. Recall a sentence before reading the model. Original teaching additions accompany examples adapted from Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning, CC BY-NC-SA); see the course reference provenance.

Найти детали в коротком объявлении

Distinguish people, quantities, places, and times in short messages.

Build the meaning

Read or listen first for the type of information: who, how many, where, or when. Familiar words alone do not guarantee the right detail.

table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi zi locates two cups on a table. (bound form) up上shàng follows the place noun; to have / there is有yǒu introduces what exists there.

Useful words in context
- table桌子zhuō zi zhuōzi — table. table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒubook书shū。
- (bound form) up上shàng shàng — on / above. table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàng。
- cup杯子bēi zi bēizi — cup. 两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi zi。
- book书shū shū — book. three三sān本书běn shū。
- корнем本běn běn — measure word for books. 两本书liǎng běn shū。
Read for meaning

table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi ziand / with和héthree三sān本书běn shū。林安lín ān(modifier / structural particle)的debook书shūat / in在zàischool学校xué xiào。Wang Li (1900-1986), one of…王力wáng lìafternoon下午xià wǔ三点sān diǎnto go去qùschool学校xué xiào。

There are two cups and three books on the table. Lin An’s book is at school. Wang Li goes to school at three in the afternoon.

Listen to a different passage

Ask a partner to read this with the script closed. Use the online practice for browser playback.

table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu三个sān gècup杯子bēi zi，not have / haven't没有méi yǒubook书shū。

There are three cups on the table and no books.

Speak and write

Describe a fictional table with two cups and one book. Ask a partner how many cups they heard.

Write a new table description with different quantities. Ask one detail question about it.

One speaking model: A: table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu两个liǎng gècup杯子bēi ziand / with和héone / a一yī本书běn shū。 B: a few几个jǐ gècup杯子bēi zi？ A: 两个liǎng gè。

One writing model: table桌子zhuō zi(bound form) up上shàngto have / there is有yǒu三个sān gècup杯子bēi ziand / with和hé两本书liǎng běn shū。a few几个jǐ gècup杯子bēi zi？
- State the place.
- Use (measure word)个gè with cups and корнем本běn with books.
- Ask a quantity question.
Check the distinction: If you read the transcript before answering, record that as supported reading, not unseen listening.

Learn step by step · Practise and review.

任务一、六 · Introductions, identity and polite exchanges

Раздаточный материал

Чему учит эта тема

Как представиться

Запросы «что», а не вопросы «да/нет»

Четы вежливых слова

Будьте осторожны

Повторение

任务二 · Dates, time and event information

Раздаточный материал

Договориться о времени встречи

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务三、九 · Objects, quantities and buying

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Купить небольшое количество

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务四、五 · Weather, places and location

Раздаточный материал

Описать погоду и местоположение

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务七、十五 · Meals and traditional foods

Раздаточный материал

Чему учит эта тема

variant of 吃吃chī и to shout喝hē

want / think / miss想xiǎng: хотел(а) бы

at / in在zài и (completed / change)了le: когда происходит действие

Будьте осторожны

Повторение

任务八 · Travel, destinations and simple directions

Раздаточный материал

Назвать пункт назначения и время отправления

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务十、十一 · Needs, wellbeing and leisure

Раздаточный материал

Выразить потребность и ответить доброжелательно

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

任务十二—十四 · School, study and work routines

Раздаточный материал

Прочитать расписание и сказать, что существует

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write

听力与阅读 · Listen for the referent and read for the relationship

Раздаточный материал

Найти детали в коротком объявлении

Build the meaning

Useful words in context

Read for meaning

Listen to a different passage

Speak and write