Foreign exchange rates · 外汇汇率
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| currency/ˈkʌrənsi/ | 货币 | huò bì |
| exchange rate/eksˈtʃeɪndʒ reɪt/ | 汇率 | huì lǜ |
| exports/ˈekspɔːts/ | 出口 | chū kǒu |
| appreciation/əˌpriːʃɪˈeɪʃn/ | 升值 | shēng zhí |
| depreciation/dɪˌpriːʃɪˈeɪʃn/ | 贬值 | biǎn zhí |
| imports/ɪmˈpɔːts/ | 进口 | jìn kǒu |
What's a currency 货币 worth?
- To buy goods from another country, you first need its money. The price of one currency in terms of another is the exchange rate 汇率.
- And like any price, it's set by supply and demand.
一种货币值多少?
- 要从另一个国家购买物品,你首先需要它的钱。一种货币以另一种货币表示的价格是汇率(exchange rate)。
- 而像任何价格一样,它由供给和需求设定。
An exchange rate is: · 一个汇率是:
It is the price of a currency, set by supply and demand. · 它是一种货币的价格,由供给和需求设定。
How the rate is set
- A currency is demanded by foreigners who want to buy the country's exports 出口 or invest there.
- It is supplied when residents buy foreign goods or invest abroad.
- The rate settles where currency supply meets demand.
The exchange rate is the price of the currency, set where demand meets supply.
汇率如何设定
- 一种货币被想要购买这个国家出口或在那里投资的外国人需求。
- 它在居民购买外国物品或在国外投资时被供给。
- 汇率稳定在货币供给遇到需求的地方。
汇率是货币的价格,在需求遇到供给的地方设定。
The foreign-exchange market · 外汇市场
A currency is bought and sold like any good. More demand for it raises its exchange rate — it appreciates. · 一种货币像任何物品一样被买卖。对它更多的需求提高它的汇率——它升值。
Currency depreciation means the currency has: · 货币贬值意味着该货币已经:
Depreciation is a fall; appreciation is a rise. · 贬值是一次下降;升值是一次上升。
A rise in the value of a currency is called . · 一种货币价值的一次上升被称为。
Appreciation is a rise; depreciation is a fall. · 升值是一次上升;贬值是一次下降。
Appreciation 升值 and depreciation 贬值
- Appreciation: the currency rises in value (one unit buys more foreign currency).
- Depreciation: the currency falls in value (one unit buys less).
Appreciation makes exports dearer and imports 进口 cheaper; depreciation does the opposite
升值和贬值
- 升值(appreciation):货币上升价值(一单位买更多外国货币)。
- 贬值(depreciation):货币下降价值(一单位买更少)。
升值使出口更贵、进口更便宜;贬值做相反的事
A weaker (depreciated) currency makes a country's exports: · 一种更弱(贬值)的货币使一个国家的出口:
A weaker currency lowers the foreign price of exports. · 一种更弱的货币降低出口的国外价格。
A stronger currency makes imports cheaper. · 一种更强的货币使进口更便宜。
A strong currency buys more foreign goods, so imports cost less. · 一种强货币买更多外国物品,所以进口花费更少。
Why it matters
- A stronger currency makes imports cheaper but exports dearer.
- A weaker currency makes exports cheaper (more competitive) but imports dearer.
Worked example. At a rate of £1 = 1.30 dollars, a £2,000 UK export costs a US buyer 2,000 × 1.30 = 2,600 dollars. Going the other way, divide: a 650-dollar import costs 650 ÷ 1.30 = £500. (Pounds → dollars: multiply; dollars → pounds: divide.)
"Strong" currency isn't always "good". A strong currency helps importers and travellers but hurts exporters. Whether a rise or fall is good depends on who you are in the economy.
为什么它重要
- 一种更强的货币使进口更便宜但出口更贵。
- 一种更弱的货币使出口更便宜(更有竞争力)但进口更贵。
例题。 在 £1 = 1.30 美元的汇率下,一件 £2,000 的英国出口品对美国买家来说值 2,000 × 1.30 = 2,600 美元。反过来则相除:一件 650 美元的进口品值 650 ÷ 1.30 = £500。(英镑 → 美元:相乘;美元 → 英镑:相除。)
"强"货币并不总是"好"。 一种强货币帮助进口商和旅行者,但伤害出口商。一次上升或下降是否好取决于你在经济中是谁。
You've got it
- the exchange rate is the price of a currency, set by supply and demand
- appreciation = the currency rises; depreciation = it falls
- a strong currency → cheaper imports, dearer exports (and vice versa)
你掌握了
- 汇率是一种货币的价格,由供给和需求设定
- 升值 = 货币上升;贬值 = 它下降
- 一种强货币 → 更便宜的进口,更贵的出口(反之亦然)