Uses of metals · 金属的用途
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| aluminium/ˌæljʊˈmɪnɪəm/ | 铝 | lǚ |
| corrosion/kəˈrəʊʒn/ | 腐蚀 | fǔ shí |
Choosing the right metal
- From skyscrapers to saucepans, each metal is chosen because its properties fit the job.
- Matching property to use is real-world chemistry.
选择正确的金属
- 从摩天大楼到平底锅,每种金属被选择是因为它的性质适合工作。
- 把性质与用途匹配是真实世界的化学。
Metal use lab · 金属用途实验
Choose the property that explains each metal use. · 选择解释每种金属用途的性质。
Copper is used for electrical wiring because it is an excellent: · 铜用于电线是因为它是一种极佳的：
Copper conducts electricity very well. · 铜的导电性能极佳。
Match each metal to a typical use. · 将每种金属与其典型用途匹配。
Property fits the use. · 性质符合用途。
Property matches use
- Copper: excellent conductor → electrical wiring.
- Aluminium 铝: low density and resists corrosion 腐蚀 → aircraft and drinks cans.
- Iron/steel: strong → buildings, bridges, cars.
The reactivity series helps you choose the right metal for a job
性质匹配用途
- 铜:极好的导体 → 电气布线。
- 铝:低密度且抗腐蚀 → 飞机和饮料罐。
- 铁/钢:强 → 建筑、桥梁、汽车。
反应活性序列帮助你为某项用途选择合适的金属
Aluminium is used in aircraft because it is: · 铝用于飞机机身是因为它：
Light and corrosion-resistant — ideal for flight. · 轻便且耐腐蚀——飞行理想材料。
A metal's ______ properties (such as strength and conductivity) decide its uses. · 金属的 ______ 性质（如强度和导电性）决定了其用途。
Physical properties match the metal to the job. · 物理性质使金属适合特定工作。
Why these choices
- A metal's physical properties decide what it is good for.
- Conductivity, density, strength and corrosion resistance all matter.
为什么这些选择
- 一种金属的物理性质决定它适合什么。
- 导电性、密度、强度和抗腐蚀性都重要。
Iron is strong but a drawback is that it rusts. · 铁强度高，但缺点是容易生锈。
Rusting is a downside of using iron. · 生锈是使用铁的一个缺点。
Trade-offs
- Sometimes a property is a downside: iron is strong but rusts; aluminium resists corrosion but is pricier to extract.
- Engineers balance properties, cost and availability.
Worked example. Aircraft are built from aluminium alloys because aluminium has a low density (light, saving fuel) and resists corrosion — exactly what flight demands.
权衡
- 有时一个性质是一个缺点:铁强但生锈;铝抗腐蚀但提取更贵。
- 工程师平衡性质、成本和可得性。
例题。 飞机由铝合金建造,因为铝有低密度(轻,节省燃料)且抗腐蚀——正是飞行所要求的。
You've got it
- metals are chosen because their properties fit the use
- copper → wiring (conductor); aluminium → aircraft/cans (light, corrosion-resistant); iron/steel → structures (strong)
- choices balance properties, cost and availability
你掌握了
- 金属被选择是因为它们的性质适合用途
- 铜 → 布线(导体);铝 → 飞机/罐(轻、抗腐蚀);铁/钢 → 结构(强)
- 选择平衡性质、成本和可得性