Noble gases · 稀有气体
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| noble gases/ˈnəʊbl ˈɡæsɪz/ | 稀有气体 | xī yǒu qì tǐ |
| inert/ɪˈnɜːt/ | 惰性 | duò xìng |
| full outer shell/fʊl ˈaʊtə ʃel/ | 满外层 | mǎn wài céng |
| monatomic/ˌmɒnəˈtɒmɪk/ | 单原子 | dān yuán zi |
The unreactive Group 0
- At the far right of the table sits a group that barely reacts at all.
- These are the noble gases 稀有气体 (Group 0), famous for being inert 惰性.
不活泼的第 0 族
- 在表的最右边坐着一个几乎根本不反应的族。
- 这些是稀有气体(noble gases,第 0 族),以惰性(inert)著称。
Noble gas lab · 稀有气体实验
Classify noble gas uses by the property that makes them useful. · 根据其用途所依赖的性质对稀有气体的应用进行分类。
Noble gases are unreactive because they have: · 稀有气体不活泼是因为它们具有：
A full outer shell is very stable. · 充满的电子壳非常稳定。
Other elements react in order to reach a full, stable outer shell like the noble gases. · 其他元素发生反应是为了达到像稀有气体那样充满且稳定的最外层电子壳。
A full shell is the stable arrangement elements aim for. · 充满的电子壳是元素追求的稳定结构。
The noble gases are found in Group ______ of the Periodic Table. · 稀有气体位于周期表的第 ______ 族。
Group 0 (sometimes called Group VIII). · 第 0 族（有时称为第 VIII 族）。
Why they are unreactive
- Noble gases have a full outer shell 满外层 of electrons.
- A full shell is very stable, so they have no need to gain, lose or share electrons.
The noble gases (Group 0) fill the far-right column of the periodic table
为什么它们不活泼
- 稀有气体有一个满的外层电子。
- 一个满的壳层非常稳定,所以它们不需要获得、失去或共享电子。
稀有气体(第 0 族)占据周期表最右边的一列
Noble gases exist as: · 稀有气体以：
They do not bond, so they are monatomic. · 它们不形成化学键，因此是单原子的。
Properties
- They are colourless gases that exist as single atoms (monatomic 单原子).
- They are non-flammable and chemically very unreactive.
性质
- 它们是作为单个原子(单原子,monatomic)存在的无色气体。
- 它们不可燃且化学上非常不活泼。
Helium is used in balloons because it is: · 氦用于气球是因为它：
Low density lifts; inertness makes it safe. · 低密度提供浮力；惰性使其安全。
Uses
- Helium is used in balloons and airships (less dense than air, non-flammable).
- Argon fills light bulbs; neon glows in signs — uses that rely on their inertness.
A full outer shell means stability. The noble gases are unreactive precisely because their outer shell is already full. Other elements react in order to reach this same stable arrangement.
用途
- 氦(helium)被用于气球和飞艇(比空气密度小、不可燃)。
- 氩(argon)填充灯泡;氖(neon)在标志中发光——依赖它们惰性的用途。
一个满的外层意味着稳定。 稀有气体不活泼,恰恰因为它们的外层已经满了。其他元素反应是为了达到这个同样稳定的排列。
You've got it
- noble gases (Group 0) have a full outer shell, so they are inert (unreactive)
- they are colourless, monatomic gases
- uses rely on inertness: helium (balloons), argon (bulbs), neon (signs)
你掌握了
- 稀有气体(第 0 族)有一个满的外层,所以它们是惰性的(不活泼)
- 它们是无色、单原子的气体
- 用途依赖惰性:氦(气球)、氩(灯泡)、氖(标志)