Half-equations and charge · 半方程式与电荷
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| half-equations/hɑːf ɪˈkweɪʒnz/ | 半反应式 | bàn fǎn yìng shì |
| reduction/rɪˈdʌkʃn/ | 还原 | huán yuán |
| oxidation/ˌɒksɪˈdeɪʃn/ | 氧化 | yǎng huà |
Electrons at the electrodes
- At each electrode, ions either gain or lose electrons. We track this with half-equations 半反应式.
- They show exactly what happens to the electrons.
电极处的电子
- 在每个电极,离子要么获得要么失去电子。我们用半方程式(half-equations)追踪这个。
- 它们恰好显示电子发生了什么。
In OIL RIG, oxidation is: · 在 OIL RIG 中,氧化是:
Oxidation Is Loss of electrons. · 氧化是失去电子。
OIL RIG
- A handy memory aid: OIL RIG.
- Oxidation Is Loss (of electrons); Reduction Is Gain (of electrons).
In electrolysis, positive ions are reduced at the cathode and negative ions are oxidised at the anode
OIL RIG
- 一个方便的记忆辅助:OIL RIG。
- Oxidation Is Loss(氧化是失去,电子);Reduction Is Gain(还原是获得,电子)。
在电解中,正离子在阴极被还原,负离子在阳极被氧化
At the cathode, positive ions: · 在阴极,正离子:
Reduction Is Gain — at the cathode. · 还原是获得——在阴极。
Reduction is the gain of electrons. · 还原是获得电子。
Reduction Is Gain (RIG). · 还原是获得(RIG)。
At the cathode, positive ions ______ electrons. · 在阴极,正离子______电子。
Cathode = reduction = gain of electrons. · 阴极 = 还原 = 获得电子。
At the cathode (reduction 还原)
- Positive ions gain electrons at the cathode.
- Example: Na⁺ + e⁻ → Na (sodium ion gains one electron to become sodium metal).
在阴极(还原)
- 正离子在阴极获得电子。
- 例子:Na⁺ + e⁻ → Na(钠离子获得一个电子变成钠金属)。
The half-equation 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻ shows: · 半方程式 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻ 显示:
Chloride ions lose electrons — oxidation at the anode. · 氯离子失去电子——阳极的氧化。
At the anode (oxidation 氧化)
- Negative ions lose electrons at the anode.
- Example: 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻ (chloride ions lose electrons to form chlorine gas).
Worked example. Electrolysing molten sodium chloride: at the cathode Na⁺ + e⁻ → Na (reduction); at the anode 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻ (oxidation). Sodium forms at one electrode, chlorine at the other.
在阳极(氧化)
- 负离子在阳极失去电子。
- 例子:2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻(氯离子失去电子形成氯气)。
例题。 电解熔融的氯化钠:在阴极 Na⁺ + e⁻ → Na(还原);在阳极 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻(氧化)。钠在一个电极形成,氯在另一个。
Reduction and oxidation at the electrodes · 电极处的还原与氧化
Cations reach the cathode and GAIN electrons (reduction); anions reach the anode and LOSE electrons (oxidation). Step to the discharge stage to see the half-equations. · 阳离子到达阴极并获得电子(还原);阴离子到达阳极并失去电子(氧化)。走到释放阶段看半方程式。
You've got it
- half-equations show the electrons gained or lost at each electrode
- OIL RIG: Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain (of electrons)
- cathode = reduction (gain e⁻); anode = oxidation (lose e⁻)
你掌握了
- 半方程式显示每个电极获得或失去的电子
- OIL RIG:氧化是失去,还原是获得(电子)
- 阴极 = 还原(获得 e⁻);阳极 = 氧化(失去 e⁻)