Classification of businesses · 企业分类
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| sector/ˈsektə/ | 部门 | bù mén |
| primary/ˈpraɪməri/ | 第一产业 | dì yī chǎn yè |
| raw materials/rɔː məˈtɪərɪəlz/ | 原材料 | yuán cái liào |
| secondary/ˈsekəndəri/ | 第二产业 | dì èr chǎn yè |
| manufacturing/ˌmænjuːˈfæktʃərɪŋ/ | 制造业 | zhì zào yè |
| tertiary/ˈtɜːʃjəri/ | 第三产业 | dì sān chǎn yè |
| public sector/ˈpʌblɪk ˈsektə/ | 公共部门 | gōng gòng bù mén |
| private sector/ˈpraɪvət ˈsektə/ | 私营部门 | sī yíng bù mén |
| shareholders/ˈʃeəhəʊldəz/ | 股东 | gǔ dōng |
Sorting the business world
- A farm, a car factory and a bank are all businesses — but they do very different kinds of work.
- We sort them by the sector 部门 they work in and by who owns them.
给商业世界分类
- 一个农场、一个汽车工厂和一家银行都是企业——但它们做非常不同种类的工作。
- 我们按它们工作所在的产业部门(sector)以及谁拥有它们来分类。
Classify business activity · 分类商业活动
Sort real firms by the sector they mainly belong to. · 根据主要所属部门对真实企业进行分类。
Match each sector to an example. · 将每个部门与示例匹配。
Primary extracts, secondary makes, tertiary serves. · 第一产业提取，第二产业制造，第三产业服务。
A car factory operates in the: · 汽车工厂运营于：
Manufacturing is the secondary sector. · 制造业属于第二产业。
Mining and farming belong to the ______ sector. · 采矿和农业属于______部门。
The primary sector extracts raw materials. · 第一产业提取原材料。
The three sectors
- Primary 第一产业: extracting raw materials 原材料 (farming, mining, fishing).
- Secondary 第二产业: making and building (manufacturing 制造业, construction).
- Tertiary 第三产业: providing services (shops, banks, transport).
Raw materials (primary) are turned into goods (secondary) and sold as services (tertiary).
三个产业
- 第一产业(primary):提取原材料(农业、采矿、捕鱼)。
- 第二产业(secondary):制造和建造(制造业、建筑)。
- 第三产业(tertiary):提供服务(商店、银行、运输)。
原材料(第一产业)被变成商品(第二产业)并作为服务出售(第三产业)。
As a country develops, employment usually shifts towards the: · 随着国家发展，就业通常转向：
Developed economies are service-led. · 发达经济以服务业为主导。
The changing balance
- As a country develops, jobs shift from primary to secondary to tertiary.
- Rich economies are dominated by the tertiary (service) sector.
A company headquarters: businesses range from sole traders to public limited companies
变化中的平衡
- 随着一个国家发展,工作从第一产业转向第二产业再转向第三产业。
- 富裕的经济体由第三产业(服务)部门主导。
一个公司总部:企业从个体经营者到上市公司不等
The public sector is made up of organisations owned by: · 公共部门由______拥有的组织组成：
Public sector = government-owned. · 公共部门 = 政府拥有。
Private and public sector 公共部门
- Private sector 私营部门: businesses owned by individuals, aiming mainly for profit.
- Public sector: organisations owned by the government (e.g. state schools, hospitals).
Don't confuse "public sector" with "public limited company". The public sector is government-owned. A public limited company is privately owned by shareholders 股东 — it just sells shares to the public.
私营部门与公共部门
- 私营部门(private sector):由个人拥有的企业,主要以利润为目标。
- 公共部门(public sector):由政府拥有的组织(例如公立学校、医院)。
不要把"公共部门"与"上市公司"混淆。 公共部门是政府拥有的。一家上市公司由股东私人拥有——它只是向公众出售股份。
You've got it
- three sectors: primary (extract), secondary (make), tertiary (services)
- development shifts activity toward the tertiary sector
- private sector = privately owned (profit); public sector = government-owned
你掌握了
- 三个产业:第一(提取)、第二(制造)、第三(服务)
- 发展使活动转向第三产业
- 私营部门 = 私人拥有(利润);公共部门 = 政府拥有