Asexual reproduction · 无性生殖
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| asexual reproduction/eɪˈsekʃuːəl rɪprəˈdʌkʃn/ | 无性生殖 | wú xìng shēng zhí |
| gametes/ˈɡæmiːts/ | 配子 | pèi zi |
| clones/kləʊnz/ | 克隆 | kè lóng |
| variation/ˌveərɪˈeɪʃn/ | 变异 | biàn yì |
Copies of one parent
- Some organisms reproduce all by themselves, with no partner needed.
- This is asexual reproduction 无性生殖, and the offspring are exact copies.
一个亲本的副本
- 有些生物完全自己繁殖,不需要伴侣。
- 这是无性生殖(asexual reproduction),后代是精确的副本。
Asexual reproduction needs how many parents? · 无性生殖需要多少亲本?
Only one parent is needed. · 只需要一个亲本。
The offspring of asexual reproduction are: · 无性生殖的后代是:
They are clones — genetically identical. · 它们是克隆——遗传上相同。
Genetically identical offspring are called . · 遗传上相同的后代叫做。
Asexual reproduction produces clones. · 无性生殖产生克隆。
What asexual reproduction is
- Asexual reproduction needs only one parent and no gametes 配子.
- The offspring are genetically identical to the parent — they are clones 克隆.
Asexual reproduction: one parent gives genetically identical offspring (clones)
无性生殖是什么
- 无性生殖只需要一个亲本,没有配子。
- 后代与亲本遗传上相同——它们是克隆(clones)。
无性生殖:一个亲本产生基因上完全相同的后代(克隆)
Asexual reproduction · 无性生殖
One parent makes genetically identical offspring (clones) by mitosis — no gametes needed. · 一个亲本通过有丝分裂制造遗传上相同的后代(克隆)——不需要配子。
Which reproduce asexually? (Select all that apply.) · 哪些无性地繁殖?(选择所有适用项。)
A baby from two parents is sexual reproduction. · 来自两个亲本的一个婴儿是有性生殖。
Examples
- Bacteria divide in two; plants grow runners or tubers; some animals bud.
- Many crops are grown asexually (e.g. from cuttings) to keep useful traits.
例子
- 细菌一分为二;植物生长匍匐茎或块茎;有些动物出芽。
- 许多作物无性地种植(例如从插条),以保留有用的性状。
A disadvantage of asexual reproduction is a lack of variation. · 无性生殖的一个缺点是缺乏变异。
Identical offspring are all equally vulnerable to the same threat. · 相同的后代对同样的威胁都同等地脆弱。
Advantages and disadvantages
- Advantages: fast, no partner needed, all good traits passed on.
- Disadvantage: no variation 变异 — so a single disease or change could wipe out the whole population.
No variation is the big weakness. Because clones are identical, if one is vulnerable to a disease, they all are. Asexual reproduction is fast but risky in a changing environment.
优点和缺点
- 优点:快速,不需要伴侣,所有好的性状被传递下去。
- 缺点:没有变异(variation)——所以一种疾病或变化可能消灭整个种群。
没有变异是大弱点。 因为克隆是相同的,如果一个易受一种疾病影响,它们全都易受。无性生殖快速但在一个变化的环境中有风险。
You've got it
- asexual reproduction: one parent, no gametes, identical offspring (clones)
- examples: bacteria dividing, plant runners/tubers, cuttings
- it is fast but produces no variation — risky if the environment changes
你掌握了
- 无性生殖:一个亲本,没有配子,相同的后代(克隆)
- 例子:细菌分裂、植物匍匐茎/块茎、插条
- 它快速但产生没有变异——如果环境变化有风险