Xylem and phloem · 木质部和韧皮部
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| xylem/ˈzaɪləm/ | 木质部 | mù zhì bù |
| phloem/ˈfləʊɪm/ | 韧皮部 | rèn pí bù |
| lignin/ˈlɪɡnɪn/ | 木质素 | mù zhì sù |
| translocation/trænsləʊˈkeɪʃn/ | 转运 | zhuǎn yùn |
A plant's plumbing
- A tall tree must move water up from its roots and sugars down from its leaves — without a heart.
- It uses two transport tissues: xylem 木质部 and phloem 韧皮部.
一棵植物的管道系统
- 一棵高树必须把水从它的根向上移动,把糖从它的叶向下移动——没有一颗心脏。
- 它使用两种运输组织:木质部(xylem)和韧皮部(phloem)。
Xylem and phloem route · 木质部和韧皮部运输路径
Watch water and sugar move through different plant transport tissues. · 观察水和糖分在不同植物输导组织中的移动。
Xylem transports: · 木质部运输：
Xylem carries water and minerals upward. · 木质部向上运输水分和矿物质。
Xylem vessels are strengthened with: · 木质部导管通过______加固：
Lignin strengthens xylem and helps support the plant. · 木质素加固木质部并帮助支撑植物。
Xylem
- Xylem carries water and minerals from the roots up to the leaves.
- It is made of dead, hollow tubes strengthened with lignin 木质素 — which also support the plant.
Xylem carries water up in dead lignified tubes; phloem carries sucrose in living cells
木质部
- 木质部把水和矿物质从根向上运到叶。
- 它由用木质素(lignin)加固的死的、空心的管构成——这也支撑植物。
木质部在死的木质化管中向上运水;韧皮部在活细胞中运蔗糖
Phloem transports: · 韧皮部运输：
Phloem carries sugars (translocation). · 韧皮部运输糖分（同化物运输）。
The transport of sugars in the phloem is called . · 韧皮部中糖分的运输称为。
Translocation moves food around the plant. · 同化物运输在植物体内分配养分。
Phloem
- Phloem carries sugars (food) made in the leaves to the rest of the plant.
- It moves substances both up and down — this is translocation 转运.
A stem in cross-section: the red-stained xylem sits in vascular bundles near the edge
韧皮部
- 韧皮部把在叶中制造的糖(食物)运到植物的其余部分。
- 它向上和向下两个方向移动物质——这是转运(translocation)。
一根茎的横切面:被红色染色的木质部位于靠近边缘的维管束中
Phloem can transport substances both up and down the plant. · 韧皮部可在植物体内上下运输物质。
Translocation moves sugars to wherever they are needed. · 同化物运输将糖分输送到所需部位。
Xylem vs phloem
- Xylem: dead cells, one way (up), carries water + minerals.
- Phloem: living cells, both ways, carries sugars.
Xylem goes one way; phloem goes both ways. Water only travels up the xylem (root to leaf). Sugars in the phloem travel to wherever they're needed — up to growing shoots or down to the roots.
木质部对比韧皮部
- 木质部:死细胞,单向(向上),运水 + 矿物质。
- 韧皮部:活细胞,双向,运糖。
木质部单向;韧皮部双向。 水只沿木质部向上行进(根到叶)。韧皮部中的糖行进到任何需要它们的地方——向上到生长的嫩枝或向下到根。
You've got it
- xylem carries water + minerals up (dead, lignified tubes that also support)
- phloem carries sugars both ways — translocation
- xylem = one-way, dead; phloem = two-way, living
你掌握了
- 木质部把水 + 矿物质向上运(死的、木质化的管,也支撑)
- 韧皮部把糖双向运——转运
- 木质部 = 单向,死的;韧皮部 = 双向,活的