Imperatives and question words · 祈使句与疑问词
Giving orders and asking questions
- Imperatives give orders or instructions: Sit down. Listen.
- Question words ask for information: What? Where? Who?
- Two everyday tools you'll use a lot.
Please sit down. Why? The chair is tired.
下指令、问问题
- 祈使句 (imperatives) 用来下命令或给指示:Sit down. Listen.
- 疑问词 (question words) 用来问信息:What? Where? Who?
- 都是你会经常用到的日常工具。
请坐下。为什么？椅子等累了。
Imperatives — just the base verb
- Start with the base verb, with no subject: Open the door. Come in.
- Add please to be polite: Please sit down.
- We use them for orders, instructions, and directions.
祈使句 —— 只用动词原形
- 用动词原形开头,不写主语:打开Open （冠词）the 门door.(把门打开。)
- 加 please 更礼貌:Please sit down.
- 用于命令、指示和指路。
Which is a correct instruction? · 哪个是正确的指示句?
An imperative starts with the base verb, with no subject: “Open the door.” · 祈使句用动词原形开头,不写主语:Open the door。
Translate into English: 请坐下。 · 翻译成英语:请坐下。
Imperative + please: “Please sit down.” · 祈使句 + please:Please sit down。
Negative imperatives — Don't
- Put Don't before the verb: Don't be late. Don't worry.
- It tells someone not to do something.
否定祈使句 —— Don't
- 在动词前加 Don't:不要Don't （是）be 迟到late.(别迟到。)
- 用来告诉别人不要做某事。
Make it negative: ___ be late! (one word) · 改成否定:___ be late!(一个词)
Negative imperative = Don't + base verb: “Don't be late!” · 否定祈使句 = Don't + 动词原形:Don't be late!
Question words
- what (thing), where (place), who (person).
- when (time), why (reason), how (the way).
- What is this? Where do you live? How are you?
疑问词
- what(什么)、where(哪里)、who(谁)。
- when(何时)、why(为什么)、how(怎样)。
- 什么What 是is 你的your 名字name?(你叫什么名字?)
Which question word asks for this? · 哪个疑问词在问这个?
what asks about a thing, where a place, who a person, when a time. · what 问事物,where 问地点,who 问人,when 问时间。
Choose the question word: ___ is your name? · 选出疑问词:___ is your name?
Asking about a name → What: “What is your name?” · 问名字 → What:What is your name?
Common mistakes
- ❌ Don't to touch it. → ✓ Don't touch it.
- ❌ Where you live? → ✓ Where do you live?
- ❌ What means this word? → ✓ What does this word mean?
常见错误
- ❌ Don't to touch it. → ✓ Don't touch it。—— don't 后面直接跟原形,不加 to。
- ❌ Where you live? → ✓ Where do you live?—— 疑问词后面还需要 do / does。
- ❌ What means this word? → ✓ What does this word mean?
Match the question word to the answer it asks for. · 把疑问词和它询问的内容配对。
The question word tells you what kind of answer to give. · 疑问词决定答案的类型。
Which question is correct? · 哪个问句是正确的?
Question word + do / does + subject + verb: “Where do you live?” · 疑问词 + do / does + 主语 + 动词原形:Where do you live?
- Imperative = base verb, no subject (Open the door.).
- Negative = Don't + base verb.
- Question words: what, where, who, when, why, how.
- 祈使句 = 动词原形,不写主语(Open the door.)。
- 否定 = Don't + 动词原形。
- 疑问词:what、where、who、when、why、how。
Write one classroom instruction using an imperative (for example: Open your books). · 用祈使句写一句课堂指示(例如:Open your books)。
Example: “Please be quiet.” or “Listen carefully.” · 例如:Please be quiet。或 Listen carefully。