Economic Imperialism · 经济帝国主义
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| Industrialised states and businesses within those states practiced economic imperialism | 经济帝国主义 | jīng jì dì guó zhǔ yì |
Control without a colony
- Industrialised states and businesses within those states practiced economic imperialism 经济帝国主义 primarily in Asia and Latin America.
- Economic imperialism shapes another country's economy without governing its territory.
- The CED names businesses alongside states, because much of this was done by firms with government backing.
没有殖民地的控制
- 经济帝国主义(economic imperialism)。
- 经济帝国主义塑造另一个国家的经济,却不统治它的领土。
- CED 把企业与国家并列,因为其中很大一部分是由有政府支持的公司完成的。
The CED says economic imperialism was practised primarily in... · CED称经济帝国主义主要在……实施
Regions with functioning states that could be dealt with rather than replaced. · 拥有 functioning states（运作中的国家）的地区，可以被交涉而非取代。
Two named cases
- Britain and France expanding their influence in China through the Opium Wars.
- The construction of the Port of Buenos Aires with the support of British firms.
- One is coercive and one is infrastructural — and the CED lists both under the same heading, which tells you the category is about effect, not method.
两个被点名的案例
- 英国与法国通过鸦片战争扩大其在中国的影响力。
- 在英国公司支持下建造布宜诺斯艾利斯港。
- 一个是强制性的,一个是基础设施性的——而 CED 把两者列在同一标题之下,这告诉你这个类别关乎的是效果,而不是方法。
Select all · 所有 the commodities the CED names for European and U.S. advantage. · 选择CED提到的、为欧洲和美国带来优势的所有商品。
Palm oil from sub-Saharan Africa completes the CED's list. · 撒哈拉以南非洲的棕榈油完成了CED的清单。
Trade organised for advantage
- Trade in some commodities was organised in a way that gave merchants and companies based in Europe and the U.S. a distinct economic advantage.
- Organised is the CED's word: the advantage was built into how the trade was arranged, not just into who was stronger.
- The named commodities: opium produced in the Middle East or South Asia and exported to China, cotton from South Asia and Egypt to Europe, palm oil from sub-Saharan Africa, copper from Chile.
为优势而组织的贸易
- 某些商品的贸易被以这样一种方式组织起来,使总部设在欧洲与美国的商人和公司获得明显的经济优势。
- "被组织起来"是 CED 的用词:这种优势被内建在贸易的安排方式之中,而不只是内建在谁更强大之中。
- 被点名的商品:在中东或南亚生产并出口到中国的鸦片、从南亚与埃及运往欧洲的棉花、来自撒哈拉以南非洲的棕榈油、来自智利的铜。
Territorial empire, economic imperialism, or a commodity? · 领土帝国、经济帝国主义还是一种商品？
Sort each item by what it is. · 根据每项物品的性质对其进行分类。
The CED says trade was ____ in a way that gave European and U.S. firms an advantage. · CED称贸易以某种方式____，从而给予欧美公司优势。
The advantage was built into the arrangement, not just into who was stronger. · 这种优势内置于安排之中，而不仅仅在于谁更强。
Economic imperialism does not require a colony. The CED places it primarily in Asia and Latin America — regions with functioning states. Contracts, loans and treaty terms shaped economies that no European power governed, which is why territorial maps understate the reach of nineteenth-century empire.
经济帝国主义并不需要殖民地。CED 把它定位在主要在亚洲与拉丁美洲——那里有运作中的国家。合同、贷款与条约条款塑造了没有任何欧洲强权统治的经济体,这正是领土地图会低估十九世纪帝国触及范围的原因。
Economic imperialism required governing the territory involved. · 经济帝国主义需要管理相关领土。
Contracts, loans and treaty terms shaped economies no European power governed. · 合同、贷款和条约条款塑造了欧洲列强未直接统治的经济体。
How it differs from territorial empire
- A colony has a governor, a budget and a garrison; economic imperialism has contracts, loans and treaty terms.
- The second is cheaper, and it leaves the responsibility for governing with somebody else.
- That is why the CED locates it primarily in Asia and Latin America — regions with functioning states that could be dealt with rather than replaced.
它与领土帝国的区别
- 殖民地有总督、预算与驻军;经济帝国主义有的是合同、贷款与条约条款。
- 后者更便宜,而且把统治的责任留给了别人。
- 这正是 CED 把它定位在主要在亚洲与拉丁美洲的原因——那里有可以与之打交道、而不必取而代之的运作中的国家。
This subtopic supplies a mechanism for which earlier finding? · 这个子主题为哪个早期发现提供了机制？
Trade organised so raw material leaves and finished goods return. · 组织好的贸易使得原材料流出而制成品回流。
Connecting to 5.4
- Unit 5 said Asian and Middle Eastern shares of global manufacturing declined while output continued.
- This subtopic supplies one of the mechanisms: trade organised so that raw material leaves and finished goods return.
- Linking the two is a strong move, because it converts a statistic into a process.
与 5.4 相连
- 第五单元说亚洲与中东在全球制造业中的份额下降,而产量仍在继续。
- 本小节提供了其中一种机制:被组织成"原材料出去、制成品回来"的贸易。
- 把两者连起来是一步好棋,因为它把一个统计数字变成了一个过程。
A port is built with foreign capital, on terms set by the lenders, to move a single export outward and manufactured goods inward. No flag changes. The country runs its own government, and its economy has been organised around somebody else's factories — which is exactly what the CED means by organised.
一座港口以外国资本建成,条款由放贷方设定,用以把单一出口品运出、把制成品运进。没有任何旗帜更换。这个国家自行治理,而它的经济已经被围绕别人的工厂组织起来——这正是 CED 所说"被组织起来"的含义。
Industrialised states and their businesses practiced economic imperialism primarily in Asia and Latin America — the Opium Wars, and the Port of Buenos Aires built with British firms' support. Trade in some commodities was organised to give European and U.S. merchants a distinct advantage: opium to China, cotton from South Asia and Egypt, palm oil, Chilean copper.
工业化国家及其企业主要在亚洲与拉丁美洲推行经济帝国主义——鸦片战争,以及在英国公司支持下建成的布宜诺斯艾利斯港。某些商品的贸易被组织成使欧美商人获得明显优势的样子:输往中国的鸦片、来自南亚与埃及的棉花、棕榈油、智利的铜。