Regions and Federal Policy · 地区与联邦政策
The Cession produced controversy immediately
- The Mexican Cession led to heated controversies over whether to allow slavery in the newly acquired territories.
- Heated is unusual for the CED, and it signals that this is not an ordinary policy disagreement.
- The question is whether to allow — a binary that no compromise can make partly true for the same acre.
这次割让立刻引发了争议
- 墨西哥割让地引发了关于是否允许在新获领土上实行奴隶制的激烈争议。
- 激烈对 CED 而言是不常见的用词,它示意这不是一场普通的政策分歧。
- 问题是是否允许——一个二元选择,任何妥协都无法让同一英亩土地上的答案部分为真。
'Heated controversies' signals that this was... · ‘激烈的争议’表明这是……
Unusual language for the CED. · CED中不寻常的措辞。
Attempts to resolve it
- The courts and national leaders made a variety of attempts to resolve the issue of slavery in the territories, including the Compromise of 1850.
- A variety of attempts across courts and national leaders means both the judiciary and the legislature tried.
- 5.6 will add the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Dred Scott decision, and will say the attempts ultimately failed.
解决它的种种尝试
- 法院与全国性领袖作出了各种尝试来解决领土上的奴隶制问题,其中包括 1850 年妥协案。
- 各种尝试跨越法院与全国性领袖,意味着司法与立法两方都作了尝试。
- 5.6 会加上《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案》与德雷德·斯科特案判决,并会说这些尝试最终失败了。
Select both · 两者 kinds of actor who attempted to resolve the issue. · 选择尝试解决该问题的两类参与者。
Judiciary and legislature both tried. · 司法机构和立法机构都尝试过。
The objective asks for similarities too
- Explain the similarities and differences in how regional attitudes affected federal policy — both halves are required.
- Similarity: every region expected federal policy to protect its own economic system, and each argued in national language.
- Difference: what that protection required was incompatible — extension in one case, containment in the other.
这一目标也要求相似之处
- 解释各地区态度影响联邦政策方式上的相似与不同——两半都是必需的。
- 相似:每个地区都期望联邦政策保护自身的经济制度,而每个地区都用全国性的语言来论辩。
- 不同:这种保护所要求的内容互不相容——一方要求延伸,另一方要求遏制。
The controversy, an attempt to resolve it, or the underlying similarity? · 争议、试图解决它的尝试，还是潜在的共同点？
Sort each element of post-war federal policy. · 对战后联邦政策的每个要素进行分类。
The similarity between the regions was that each... · 这两个地区的共同点是每个……
And each argued in national language. · 并且每个都用国家语言进行辩论。
A compromise divides a disputed thing, but a territory cannot be half-slave for the people living in it. That is why each settlement postponed the decision to the next acquisition — and 5.2's expansion kept supplying acquisitions.
**妥协是分割一件有争议之物,但对于生活在其中的人们,一块领土无法一半是奴隶制的。**这正是每一次安排都把决定推迟到下一次获取的原因——而 5.2 的扩张不断在提供新的获取。
'Whether to allow' is a ____ that no compromise can make partly true for the same acre. · ‘是否允许’是一个____，使得同样的土地无法让妥协同时满足双方。
Which is why each settlement postponed the decision. · 这就是为什么每次妥协都推迟了最终决定。
Why compromise had to fail
- 4.3 said congressional compromise only temporarily stemmed growing tensions — that was already the pattern.
- A compromise divides a disputed thing; but a territory cannot be half-slave for the people living in it.
- So each settlement postponed the decision to the next acquisition, and 5.2 kept supplying acquisitions.
妥协为何必然失败
- 4.3 说国会的妥协只是暂时遏制了不断增长的紧张——那已经是既定的模式。
- 妥协是分割一件有争议之物;但对于生活在其中的人们,一块领土无法一半是奴隶制的。
- 因此每一次安排都把决定推迟到下一次获取,而 5.2 不断在提供新的获取。
The objective requires both similarities and differences. · 该目标需要同时考虑相似点和差异点。
The similarity is what makes the difference tragic. · 相似点使得差异变得悲剧性。
Writing a similarities-and-differences answer
- Choose one basis — here, what each region wanted from federal policy — and answer it for two regions.
- Then state one genuine similarity and one genuine difference, and say which mattered more by 1860.
- The similarity is what makes the difference tragic: both sides were using the same constitution.
书写一份相似与不同的答案
- 选择一个基准——在这里是每个地区想从联邦政策中得到什么——并对两个地区分别作答。
- 然后陈述一项真正的相似与一项真正的不同,并说明到 1860 年哪一项更重要。
- 那项相似正是使那项不同显得悲剧性的东西:双方使用的是同一部宪法。
Two parties who both cite the same constitution and both expect the government to protect their way of life are not far apart in method. They are irreconcilable in substance, and the shared method makes each certain the other is acting in bad faith.
两方都援引同一部宪法,都期望政府保护自己的生活方式,他们在方法上相距不远。而他们在实质上无法调和,而共享的方法又使每一方都确信另一方在恶意行事。
The Mexican Cession led to heated controversies over whether to allow slavery in the newly acquired territories, and the courts and national leaders made a variety of attempts to resolve the issue of slavery in the territories, including the Compromise of 1850. The similarity is that every region expected federal policy to protect its own economic system, arguing in national language; the difference is that what protection required was incompatible — extension against containment.
墨西哥割让地引发了关于是否允许在新获领土上实行奴隶制的激烈争议,而法院与全国性领袖作出了各种尝试来解决领土上的奴隶制问题,其中包括 1850 年妥协案。相似在于每个地区都期望联邦政策保护自身的经济制度,并用全国性的语言论辩;不同在于这种保护所要求的内容互不相容——延伸对遏制。