The Second Agricultural Revolution · 第二次农业革命
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| Second Agricultural Revolution/ˈsekənd ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ | 第二次农业革命 | dì èr cì nóng yè gé mìng |
| mechanisation/ˌmekənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ | 机械化 | jī xiè huà |
Farming meets industry
- The Second Agricultural Revolution 第二次农业革命 used the tools of the Industrial Revolution.
- Machines, better transport, and new methods raised output massively.
- It happened alongside industrialisation in the 1700s-1800s.
农业遇上工业
- 第二次农业革命(Second Agricultural Revolution)使用了工业革命的工具。
- 机器、更好的交通和新方法大幅提高产量。
- 它与 18-19 世纪的工业化同时发生。
New tools and methods
- Mechanisation 机械化 replaced hand and animal labour with machines.
- Crop rotation and selective breeding raised yields.
- Railways and canals moved food to growing cities.
新工具与新方法
- 机械化(mechanisation)用机器取代人力和畜力。
- 轮作和选择育种提高了产量。
- 铁路和运河把粮食运往不断增长的城市。
Which agricultural revolution? · 这是哪次农业革命？
Sort each feature by which revolution it belongs to. · 根据每次革命所属类别对每个特征进行排序。
The Second Agricultural Revolution mainly used the tools of the... · 第二次农业革命主要使用了...的工具
It applied Industrial Revolution machines and transport to farming. · 它将工业革命的机器和运输应用于农业。
Mechanisation reduced the number of workers needed on farms. · 机械化减少了农场所需的劳动力数量。
Machines did the work of many hands, freeing workers for cities. · 机器取代了大量人力，使工人得以进入城市。
Replacing hand and animal labour with machines is called . · 用机器替代手工和畜力劳动称为。
Mechanisation was central to the second agricultural revolution. · 机械化是第二次农业革命的中心环节。
Select all · 所有 features of the Second Agricultural Revolution. · 选择所有属于第二次农业革命的特征。
Mechanisation, railways, and crop rotation are second-revolution; first domestication is the Neolithic. · 机械化、铁路和轮作制属于第二次革命；动物首次驯化属于新石器时代。
Feeding the cities
- More food per farmer meant fewer people were needed on the land.
- Freed workers moved to factory cities, powering urbanisation.
- So the second revolution helped drive the demographic transition.
养活城市
- 每个农民生产更多粮食,意味着土地上需要的人更少。
- 被解放的工人迁往工厂城市,推动了城市化。
- 所以第二次革命帮助驱动了人口转变。
Match each revolution to its key idea. · 将每次革命与其核心概念相匹配。
First = domestication; second = machines; Green = high-yield seeds. · 第一次 = 驯化；第二次 = 机器；绿色革命 = 高产种子。
Do not confuse the Second Agricultural Revolution (industrial tools, 1700s-1800s) with the Green Revolution (high-yield seeds and chemicals, mid-1900s). Both raised output, but with different technologies in different eras.
不要把第二次农业革命(工业工具,18-19 世纪)与绿色革命(高产种子和化学品,20 世纪中期)混淆。两者都提高了产量,但用的是不同时代的不同技术。
As mechanisation and railways spread in 1800s Britain, one farmer could feed far more people. Farm workers were no longer all needed, so they moved to the new industrial cities — helping trigger the population boom of DTM Stage 2.
随着 19 世纪英国机械化和铁路的普及,一个农民能养活多得多的人。农业工人不再全部被需要,于是迁往新兴工业城市——帮助引发 DTM 第 2 阶段的人口激增。
The Second Agricultural Revolution applied Industrial-Revolution tools — mechanisation, crop rotation, and railways — to raise food output enormously. Fewer farmers were needed, freeing workers for cities and helping drive urbanisation and the demographic transition.
第二次农业革命把工业革命的工具——机械化、轮作和铁路——用于大幅提高粮食产量。所需农民更少,把工人解放到城市,帮助驱动城市化和人口转变。