Causes of Migration · 移民的原因
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| migration/maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ | 迁移 | qiān yí |
| push factors/pʊʃ ˈfæktəz/ | 推力 | tuī lì |
| pull factors/pʊl ˈfæktəz/ | 拉力 | lā lì |
Why people move
- Migration 迁移 is a permanent move to a new home.
- Every move is a balance of push factors 推力 and pull factors 拉力.
- Push = reasons to leave; pull = reasons to arrive.
人们为何迁移
- 迁移(migration)是永久性地搬到新家。
- 每一次迁移都是推力(push factors)和拉力(pull factors)的平衡。
- 推力=离开的理由;拉力=到达的理由。
Push factors
- Push factors drive people away from their home.
- Examples: war, poverty, no jobs, natural disaster, persecution.
- Push factors are usually negative things about the origin.
推力
- 推力把人赶离家乡。
- 例子:战争、贫困、没有工作、自然灾害、迫害。
- 推力通常是关于原居地的负面因素。
A push factor is best described as... · 推力因素的最佳描述是……
A push · 推力 factor is a negative thing about the origin that drives people away. · 推力因素是原籍地的负面因素，促使人们离开。
Select all · 所有 push factors. · 选择所有推力因素。
War, disaster, and unemployment are pushes; safety abroad is a pull. · 战争、灾难和失业是推力；国外安全是拉力。
Pull factors
- Pull factors draw people toward a new place.
- Examples: jobs, safety, family, freedom, better services.
- Ravenstein's laws note most migrants move short distances for economic reasons.
拉力
- 拉力把人吸引到新地方。
- 例子:工作、安全、家人、自由、更好的服务。
- 拉文斯坦法则(Ravenstein's laws)指出,大多数移民为经济原因迁移短距离。
Push or pull factor? · 推力还是拉力因素？
Sort each reason as a push (from the origin) or pull (to the destination) factor. · 将每个原因分类为推力(来自原籍地)或拉力(去往目的地)因素。
Ravenstein's laws say most migrants move very long distances for cultural reasons. · 莱文斯坦定律指出，大多数移民因文化原因进行长距离迁移。
Ravenstein found most moves are short and mainly economic. · 莱文斯坦发现，大多数迁移是短距离的，且主要是经济驱动的。
A reason that draws a migrant toward a destination is a ____ factor. · 吸引移民前往目的地的原因是____因素。
Pull factors are the positive attractions of the destination. · 拉力因素是目的地的积极吸引力。
Match each factor to its type. · 将每个因素与其类型匹配。
War = push; jobs = pull; distance = the intervening obstacle between them. · 战争 = 推力；工作 = 拉力；距离 = 两者之间的 intervening obstacle (阻碍迁移的障碍)。
Push and pull often describe the same thing from two sides. "No jobs at home" is a push; "jobs abroad" is a pull. On the exam, tie each factor to a side — push to the origin, pull to the destination — and do not list the same reason twice.
推力和拉力常常从两面描述同一件事。“家乡没工作”是推力;“国外有工作”是拉力。考试中,把每个因素归到一边——推力对应原居地,拉力对应目的地——不要把同一个理由算两次。
A young worker leaves a village because farm work has dried up (a push) and moves to the capital because factories are hiring (a pull). Between them lies an intervening obstacle — the cost and distance of the journey.
一名年轻工人离开村庄,因为农活没了(推力),搬到首都,因为工厂在招工(拉力)。两者之间隔着一个中间障碍——旅途的成本和距离。
Migration is a permanent move driven by push factors (bad things about the origin) and pull factors (good things about the destination), across an intervening obstacle. Ravenstein noted most moves are short and economic.
迁移是永久性搬迁,由推力(原居地的坏因素)和拉力(目的地的好因素)驱动,跨越中间障碍。拉文斯坦指出大多数迁移是短距离、经济性的。