Decolonisation · 去殖民化
A process, over a century
- The process of decolonisation occurred over the course of the century with varying degrees of cooperation, interference, or resistance from European imperialist states.
- Process and over the course of the century rule out treating decolonisation as an event.
- And the European role is described three ways — cooperation, interference, or resistance — with no default.
一个跨越一个世纪的过程
- 非殖民化的过程贯穿整个世纪发生,而欧洲帝国主义国家的态度在合作、干预或抵制之间有不同程度的差异。
- 过程与贯穿整个世纪排除了把非殖民化当作一个事件来处理。
- 而欧洲一方的角色被描述为三种——合作、干预或抵制——没有默认的一种。
Select all · 所有 three European postures the CED names. · 选择CED命名的所有三种欧洲姿态。
With no default among them. · 它们之间没有默认选项。
Where the process starts
- 8.2 already named the overthrow of European empires among the shifts the First World War produced.
- 8.4's mandate system had altered the imperial balance of power rather than ending empire.
- So decolonisation begins inside the same century as the imperial intensification of 7.6, which is the point worth making.
这个过程从哪里开始
- 8.2 已经把欧洲各帝国的被推翻列为第一次世界大战所产生的转变之一。
- 8.4 的委任统治制度改变了帝国间的均势,而不是终结了帝国。
- 因此非殖民化开始于与 7.6 帝国强化同一个世纪之内,而这正是值得指出的一点。
'Process... over the course of the century' rules out treating decolonisation as... · '过程……贯穿整个世纪'排除了将去殖民化视为……
It is not one moment, and not one story. · 它不是一个时刻，也不是一段故事。
The colonised are the agents here
- The objective's wording is how colonial groups around the world sought independence from colonisers — the subject of the sentence is the colonised.
- 7.7 had already said imperial endeavours created resistance to foreign control abroad.
- So the resistance that empire produced is what this subtopic follows to its conclusion.
在这里被殖民者是行动者
- 这一目标的措辞是世界各地的殖民地群体如何寻求摆脱殖民者而独立——这句话的主语是被殖民者。
- 7.7 已经说过,帝国事业在海外造就了对外来控制的抵抗。
- 因此帝国所产生的那种抵抗,正是本小节一路追随到其结局之物。
European cooperation, interference, or resistance? · 欧洲合作、干涉还是抵制？
Sort each European posture toward independence. · 对每种欧洲对独立的姿态进行分类。
The subject of the objective's sentence is... · objective句子的主语是……
The colonised sought independence; the CED says so. · 被殖民者寻求独立；CED如此表述。
The CED gives Europe three postures with no default: cooperation, interference, or resistance. So there is no single story of how empires ended — an answer should give at least two of the three and say what made the difference in that case.
**CED 给欧洲三种姿态,而没有默认的一种:合作、干预或抵制。**因此不存在关于帝国如何终结的单一故事——答案至少应给出三者中的两者,并说明在那一情形下是什么造成了差别。
8.2 already named the overthrow of European empires among the First World War's effects. · 8.2已将推翻欧洲帝国列为第一次世界大战的影响之一。
So decolonisation begins in the same century as imperial intensification. · 因此去殖民化始于帝国主义强化所在的同一世纪。
Varying degrees, not one story
- Some transfers of power were negotiated; some were resisted by force; some were interfered with after formal independence.
- The CED's three words cover all of those without ranking them or assigning them to particular states.
- So an answer should give at least two of the three and say what made the difference.
程度各异,而非单一故事
- 有些权力移交是谈判达成的;有些遭到武力抵制;有些在正式独立之后仍受到干预。
- CED 的这三个词涵盖了所有这些,而不给它们排序,也不把它们归给特定的国家。
- 因此答案至少应给出三者中的两者,并说明是什么造成了差别。
The structure this subtopic rewards pairs... · 本子主题奖励的结构配对……
Which explains why the same method met different outcomes. · 这解释了为何同一方法导致了不同的结果。
Various ways, in the objective's words
- The objective is the various ways in which colonial groups sought independence — plural, and about method.
- So the answer describes how independence was sought, and the CED's three European postures explain why the same method met different outcomes.
- That pairing — colonial method against European posture — is the structure this subtopic rewards.
以这一目标的措辞说的"各种方式"
- 这一目标是殖民地群体寻求独立的各种方式——是复数,而且关乎方法。
- 因此答案要描述独立是如何被寻求的,而 CED 的三种欧洲姿态解释了为何同样的方法会遇到不同的结果。
- 这种配对——殖民地一方的方法对欧洲一方的姿态——正是本小节所奖赏的结构。
Two territories reach independence in the same decade. One does so through negotiation with a government that has decided the cost of staying is too high; the other after years of fighting. The claim being made was the same in both. The answer it met was not.
两块领地在同一个十年里获得独立。其中一块是通过与一个已认定留下来代价过高的政府谈判达成的;另一块则是在多年的战斗之后。两者所提出的主张是相同的。它们所遇到的回答则不然。
The process of decolonisation occurred over the course of the century with varying degrees of cooperation, interference, or resistance from European imperialist states. It is a process, not an event; it begins in the same century as 7.6's imperial intensification, with 8.2 already naming the overthrow of European empires; and its subject is colonial groups... sought independence, following 7.7's resistance to foreign control to its conclusion.
非殖民化的过程贯穿整个世纪发生,而欧洲帝国主义国家的态度在合作、干预或抵制之间有不同程度的差异。它是一个过程,不是一个事件;它开始于与 7.6 帝国强化同一个世纪之内,而 8.2 已经点出欧洲各帝国的被推翻;其主语是殖民地群体……寻求独立,把 7.7 中对外来控制的抵抗一路追随到其结局。