Women's Roles and Status · 女性的角色与地位
Three things define the lives described
- The lives of women were defined by family and work responsibilities, economic changes, and feminism.
- Three factors, and the CED's list mixes the private, the structural and the political.
- So an answer needs all three registers, not only the movement.
三样东西界定了所描述的生活
- 女性的生活由家庭与工作责任、经济变化,以及女权主义所界定。
- 三项因素,而 CED 的清单混合了私人的、结构性的与政治的。
- 因此答案需要三种层面,而不只是那场运动。
Select all · 所有 three things the CED says defined women's lives. · 选择CED指出定义女性生活的所有三件事。
Private, structural and political registers together. · 私人、结构与政治层面的结合。
What the course has already recorded
- 5.4: participation in the revolution, brief legal improvements, citizenship soon restricted to men.
- 6.4: the cult of domesticity with distinct gender roles, then laws restricting the labour of women.
- 8.10: during the world wars women became increasingly involved in military and political mobilisation, as well as in economic production.
本课程已经记录的内容
- 5.4:参与革命、法律地位的短暂改善,公民身份很快被限定于男性。
- 6.4:带有各自不同性别角色的家庭崇拜,继而是限制女工劳动的法律。
- 8.10:在两次世界大战期间,女性日益参与军事与政治动员,以及经济生产。
The CED says the movements... · CED称这些运动……
A carefully weighted sentence, to be reproduced not simplified. · 一个经过仔细权衡的句子，应原样复述而非简化。
And what this unit adds
- 9.14: various movements, including women's movements... worked for expanded civil rights, in some cases obtaining the goals they sought, and in others facing strong opposition.
- That clause is carefully balanced — some goals obtained, some opposed — and it should be reproduced as written.
- 9.14 also records the baby boom, often promoted by government policies, which shaped the same lives.
以及本单元所增添的
- 9.14:各种运动,包括女性运动……为扩大公民权利而努力,在有些情况下达成了所追求的目标,而在另一些情况下面临强烈反对。
- 那个从句经过了谨慎的平衡——有些目标达成,有些遭到反对——应当照原样再现。
- 9.14 也记录了婴儿潮,它常常由政府政策所推动,而这塑造了同样这些人的生活。
Which stage of the course's longest thread? · 课程最长线索的哪个阶段？
Sort each statement by where the CED records it. · 按CED记录的位置对每个陈述进行分类。
Match each stage to what the CED records there. · 将每个阶段与其在CED中的记录相匹配。
The course's clearest single thread across units. · 贯穿各单元的课程最清晰的一条线索。
The CED's balance clause must be reproduced, not simplified. Movements worked for expanded civil rights, in some cases obtaining the goals they sought, and in others facing strong opposition — an answer that reports only success, or only opposition, has taken half of a carefully weighted sentence.
**CED 那个平衡的从句必须被照样再现,而不是被简化。**各种运动为扩大公民权利而努力,在有些情况下达成了所追求的目标,而在另一些情况下面临强烈反对——只报告成功或只报告反对的答案,只取了一句经过谨慎权衡之话的一半。
The CED says the baby boom was often promoted by government policies. · CED称婴儿潮常由政府政策推动。
Which shaped the same lives the objective is about. · 这塑造了客观性所指涉的同样生活。
Development and change, over two centuries
- The objective spans the 20th and 21st centuries, so the answer is a trajectory, not a snapshot.
- Development: entry into economic production, then into political and military mobilisation, then into formal civil rights.
- Change: what counts as a woman's expected role shifts each time the economy or the state demands something new.
跨越两个世纪的发展与变化
- 这一目标跨越20 与 21 世纪,因此答案是一条轨迹,而不是一张快照。
- 发展:进入经济生产,继而进入政治与军事动员,继而进入正式的公民权利。
- 变化:每当经济或国家提出新的要求,人们对女性所期待的角色就随之改变。
The objective spans the 20th and ____ centuries, so the answer is a trajectory. · 该 objective 跨越20世纪和____世纪，因此答案是轨迹。
Not a snapshot. · 不是快照。
Writing across the course
- This is the course's clearest single thread across units, and an answer should say so.
- Name one instance from unit 5, one from unit 6 or 8, and one from unit 9, then state what changed between them.
- The CED has placed material in all three, so using all three is following its design.
跨越整个课程来书写
- 这是本课程跨越各单元最清晰的一条线索,而答案应当明说这一点。
- 从第五单元、第六或第八单元、第九单元各点出一个实例,然后说明它们之间发生了什么变化。
- CED 在这三处都放了材料,因此使用全部三处,正是遵循了它的设计。
A role described as natural in one decade is described as a wartime necessity in the next and as a right in the one after. Nothing about the work itself changed across those three descriptions; what changed was who needed it done and how they justified asking.
一个在某个十年里被描述为天性使然的角色,在下一个十年被描述为战时的必需,再下一个十年又被描述为一项权利。在这三种描述之间,工作本身没有任何改变;改变的是谁需要它被完成,以及他们如何为提出这一要求辩解。
The lives of women were defined by family and work responsibilities, economic changes, and feminism — private, structural and political registers together. The course records the trajectory: citizenship soon restricted to men (5.4), the cult of domesticity and protective labour laws (6.4), increasing involvement in military and political mobilisation and economic production during the world wars (8.10), and movements that worked for expanded civil rights, in some cases obtaining the goals they sought, and in others facing strong opposition (9.14).
女性的生活由家庭与工作责任、经济变化,以及女权主义所界定——私人的、结构性的与政治的层面并存。本课程记录了这条轨迹:公民身份很快被限定于男性(5.4)、家庭崇拜与保护性劳动法(6.4)、两次世界大战期间日益参与军事与政治动员以及经济生产(8.10),以及为扩大公民权利而努力的各种运动,在有些情况下达成了所追求的目标,而在另一些情况下面临强烈反对(9.14)。