Fossil Fuels · 化石燃料
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| fossil fuels/ˈfɒsl ˈfjuːəlz/ | 化石燃料 | huà shí rán liào |
| pressure/ˈpreʃə/ | 压力 | yā lì |
| nonrenewable/ˌnɒnrɪˈnjuːəbl/ | 不可再生 | bù kě zài shēng |
| carbon dioxide/ˈkɑːbən daɪˈɒksaɪd/ | 二氧化碳 | èr yǎng huà tàn |
| greenhouse gas/ˈɡriːnhaʊs ɡæs/ | 温室气体 | wēn shì qì tǐ |
Buried sunshine
- Coal, oil, and gas are called fossil fuels 化石燃料.
- They are the buried remains of life from long ago.
- The energy in them is ancient sunlight, stored by living things.
- Burning them releases that energy — and its stored carbon.
埋藏的阳光
- 煤、石油和天然气被称为化石燃料(fossil fuels)。
- 它们是很久以前生命的埋藏遗骸。
- 它们里面的能量是古代的阳光,被生物储存。
- 燃烧它们释放那能量——以及它储存的碳。
How they formed
- Long ago, plants and tiny sea plankton died and sank.
- Layers of mud and sand buried them deep.
- Heat and pressure 压力 cooked the remains for millions of years.
- Plants became coal; plankton became oil and natural gas.
它们如何形成
- 很久以前,植物和微小的海洋浮游生物死去并下沉。
- 泥和沙的层次把它们深深埋藏。
- 热和压力(pressure)把遗骸烹煮数百万年。
- 植物变成煤;浮游生物变成石油和天然气。
Fossil fuels formed from… · 化石燃料形成于……
Fossil fuels are the remains of plants and plankton, cooked by heat and pressure over millions of years. · 化石燃料是植物和浮游生物的遗骸,经数百万年的热和压力烹煮。
Why they run out
- That slow cooking took millions of years.
- We burn fossil fuels in seconds, far faster than they form.
- So the supply only shrinks — they are nonrenewable 不可再生.
- Once a coal seam or oil field is empty, it is gone for good.
为什么它们会耗尽
- 那种缓慢的烹煮花了数百万年。
- 我们几秒钟就烧掉化石燃料,远快于它们形成。
- 所以供应只会缩小——它们是不可再生(nonrenewable)的。
- 一旦一个煤层或油田空了,它就永远没了。
How fossil fuels form · 化石燃料如何形成
Step through the millions of years that turn dead life into coal, oil, and gas. · 一步步走过把死去的生命变成煤、石油和天然气的数百万年。
How long does it take fossil fuels to form? · 化石燃料形成需要多长时间?
It takes millions of years — which is exactly why fossil fuels are nonrenewable on any human timescale. · 需要数百万年——这正是化石燃料在任何人类时间尺度上都不可再生的原因。
Burning fossil fuels releases carbon , the main greenhouse gas. · 燃烧化石燃料释放二氧化,主要的温室气体。
Combustion releases carbon dioxide (CO2), which traps heat and warms the climate. · 燃烧释放二氧化碳(CO2),它困住热量并使气候变暖。
The pollution problem
- Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 (CO2).
- CO2 is the main greenhouse gas 温室气体 that warms the climate.
- Coal also releases sulfur, causing acid rain and smog.
- So fossil fuels are cheap and powerful, but dirty.
污染问题
- 燃烧化石燃料释放二氧化碳(carbon dioxide,CO2)。
- CO2是使气候变暖的主要温室气体(greenhouse gas)。
- 煤还释放硫,造成酸雨和烟雾。
- 所以化石燃料便宜又强大,但很脏。
Fossil fuels are nonrenewable because we use them far faster than they form. · 化石燃料是不可再生的,因为我们使用它们的速度远快于它们形成。
We burn in a day what took millions of years to make, so the supply only shrinks. · 我们一天烧掉花了数百万年才制成的量,所以供应只会缩小。
Select all · 所有 fossil fuels. · 选出所有化石燃料。
Coal, oil, and natural gas are the three fossil fuels. Sunlight is a renewable source. · 煤、石油和天然气是三种化石燃料。阳光是可再生能源。
Fossil fuels are just stored solar energy. Ancient plants captured sunlight; burial locked their carbon underground for millions of years. Burning them undoes that in an instant — releasing the carbon back into the air all at once. That is why they are both energy-rich and the main driver of climate change.
化石燃料只是储存的太阳能。古代植物捕获了阳光;埋藏把它们的碳锁在地下数百万年。燃烧它们瞬间就撤销了那个过程——把碳一下子全部释放回空气中。这就是为什么它们既富含能量又是气候变化的主要驱动因素。
A lump of coal:
- 300 million years ago it was a fern in a swamp, catching sunlight.
- The swamp was buried; heat and pressure slowly turned the plant into coal.
- Today it burns in a power station in minutes, releasing energy — and the carbon that fern pulled from the air 300 million years ago.
一块煤:
- 三亿年前它是沼泽里的一株蕨类,捕捉阳光。
- 沼泽被埋藏;热和压力慢慢把这株植物变成煤。
- 今天它在发电站里几分钟内燃烧,释放能量——以及那株蕨类三亿年前从空气中拉取的碳。
Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) are the buried remains of ancient plants and plankton, cooked by heat and pressure over millions of years. They are nonrenewable — we burn them far faster than they form. Burning them releases carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, making them powerful but polluting.
化石燃料(煤、石油、天然气)是古代植物和浮游生物的埋藏遗骸,经热和压力历经数百万年烹煮。它们是不可再生的——我们燃烧它们的速度远快于它们形成。燃烧它们释放二氧化碳,主要的温室气体,使它们强大但污染。