Impacts of Overfishing · 过度捕捞的影响
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| overfishing/ˌəʊvəˈfɪʃɪŋ/ | 过度捕捞 | guò dù bǔ lāo |
| bycatch/ˈbaɪkætʃ/ | 兼捕 | jiān bǔ |
| trawling/ˈtrɔːlɪŋ/ | 底拖网 | dǐ tuō wǎng |
Emptying the seas
- The ocean once seemed to hold endless fish.
- But modern fleets can catch fish faster than they breed.
- Many fisheries have collapsed, and others are close.
- This overuse of a shared resource is overfishing.
掏空海洋
- 海洋曾经似乎容纳无尽的鱼。
- 但现代船队能捕鱼的速度快于它们繁殖。
- 许多渔业已经崩溃,另一些接近崩溃。
- 这种对共享资源的过度使用就是过度捕捞。
What overfishing is
- Overfishing 过度捕捞 means catching fish faster than they can reproduce.
- Each year fewer breeding adults are left.
- The population shrinks, then can crash completely.
- Once collapsed, a fishery may take decades to recover — if it ever does.
什么是过度捕捞
- 过度捕捞(overfishing)意味着捕鱼的速度快于它们能繁殖。
- 每年剩下的繁殖成鱼更少。
- 种群缩小,然后可能完全崩溃。
- 一旦崩溃,一个渔业可能要几十年才能恢复——如果它能恢复的话。
Overfishing means… · 过度捕捞意味着……
Overfishing takes fish faster than they breed, so the population crashes. · 过度捕捞捕鱼的速度快于它们繁殖,所以种群崩溃。
Damage beyond the target
- Fishing gear often catches more than the target fish.
- Bycatch 兼捕 is unwanted animals — dolphins, turtles, seabirds — caught by accident.
- Bottom trawling 底拖网 drags heavy nets across the seafloor.
- This destroys the seabed habitat that many species depend on.
超出目标的损害
- 捕鱼的渔具常常捕到的比目标鱼多。
- 兼捕(bycatch)是不想要的动物——海豚、海龟、海鸟——意外被捕获。
- 底拖网(trawling)在海底拖曳沉重的网。
- 这破坏许多物种依赖的海床栖息地。
Bycatch is… · 兼捕是……
Bycatch is unwanted animals — dolphins, turtles, young fish — caught and killed by accident. · 兼捕是不想要的动物——海豚、海龟、幼鱼——意外被捕获并杀死。
Dragging heavy nets across the seafloor, destroying habitat, is called bottom . · 在海底拖曳沉重的网、破坏栖息地,叫做底。
Bottom trawling scrapes the seafloor, destroying habitat and catching huge bycatch. · 底拖网刮擦海底,破坏栖息地并捕获大量兼捕。
Protecting fish stocks
- Catch limits (quotas) cap how much can be taken each year.
- Marine protected areas give fish safe places to breed.
- Better gear reduces bycatch and seafloor damage.
- With care, overfished stocks can slowly recover.
保护鱼类种群
- 捕捞限制(配额)封顶每年能捕多少。
- 海洋保护区给鱼安全的地方繁殖。
- 更好的渔具减少兼捕和海底损害。
- 有了小心,被过度捕捞的种群能慢慢恢复。
Problem or solution? · 问题还是解决方案?
Sort each idea by whether it worsens overfishing or helps prevent it. · 按照每个做法是加剧过度捕捞还是帮助防止它,给它们分类。
Catch limits and marine protected areas can help fish populations recover. · 捕捞限制和海洋保护区能帮助鱼种群恢复。
Quotas and protected areas give fish time and space to breed, letting stocks rebuild. · 配额和保护区给鱼时间和空间繁殖,让种群重建。
Select all · 所有 true statements about overfishing. · 选出关于过度捕捞的所有正确说法。
Fish stocks are limited and can collapse. The other three are correct. · 鱼类种群是有限的,能崩溃。其余三条正确。
Overfishing is a classic tragedy of the commons. The open ocean belongs to no one, so each fleet gains by catching more — until the fish are gone for everyone. Only shared rules, like international quotas, can protect a fishery that no single nation owns.
过度捕捞是一个经典的公地悲剧。开放的海洋不属于任何人,所以每支船队通过多捕获益——直到鱼对每个人都没了。只有共享的规则,像国际配额,才能保护一个没有单个国家拥有的渔业。
The cod that vanished:
- For centuries, fishers took cod from the rich waters off Canada.
- Then powerful modern trawlers caught them faster than they could breed.
- In the 1990s the cod fishery collapsed completely, putting tens of thousands out of work — a warning of what overfishing can do.
消失的鳕鱼:
- 几个世纪来,渔民从加拿大沿海富饶的水域捕鳕鱼。
- 然后强力的现代拖网渔船捕它们的速度快于它们能繁殖。
- 1990 年代鳕鱼渔业完全崩溃,让数万人失业——一个关于过度捕捞能做什么的警告。
Overfishing takes fish faster than they can reproduce, crashing fish populations. It also causes bycatch (unwanted animals killed) and, through bottom trawling, destroys seafloor habitat. Catch limits, marine protected areas, and better gear can protect and rebuild fish stocks.
过度捕捞捕鱼的速度快于它们能繁殖,使鱼种群崩溃。它还造成兼捕(不想要的动物被杀死),并通过底拖网破坏海床栖息地。捕捞限制、海洋保护区和更好的渔具能保护并重建鱼类种群。