The Hydrologic (Water) Cycle · 水循环
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| precipitation/prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn/ | 降水 | jiàng shuǐ |
| evaporation/ɪˌvæpəˈreɪʃn/ | 蒸发 | zhēng fā |
| transpiration/trænspəˈreɪʃn/ | 蒸腾作用 | zhēng téng zuò yòng |
| condensation/kɒndenˈseɪʃn/ | 凝结 | níng jié |
Water on an endless journey
- The water you drink today has been around for billions of years.
- It is never made or destroyed — only recycled.
- The same water moves from sea to sky to land and back.
- This endless journey is the water cycle, powered by the Sun.
水的无尽旅程
- 你今天喝的水已经存在了数十亿年。
- 它从不被制造或摧毁——只被循环利用。
- 同样的水从海到天到陆地再回来。
- 这段无尽的旅程就是水循环,由太阳提供动力。
Evaporation lifts water up
- The Sun heats the oceans, lakes, and rivers.
- Through evaporation 蒸发, liquid water turns into invisible water vapour.
- The vapour rises into the atmosphere.
- Plants add more vapour through transpiration 蒸腾作用 from their leaves.
蒸发把水抬上去
- 太阳加热海洋、湖泊和河流。
- 通过蒸发(evaporation),液态水变成看不见的水蒸气。
- 水蒸气上升进大气。
- 植物通过它们叶子的蒸腾作用(transpiration)添加更多水蒸气。
What provides the energy that drives the water cycle? · 是什么提供了驱动水循环的能量?
The Sun heats water and powers evaporation, driving the whole cycle. · 太阳加热水并给蒸发提供动力,驱动整个循环。
Evaporation · 蒸发 turns… · 蒸发把……
Evaporation · 蒸发 changes liquid water into gas (vapour) that rises into the air. · 蒸发把液态水变成上升进空气的气体(水蒸气)。
Condensation makes clouds
- As vapour rises, it cools.
- Through condensation 凝结, it turns back into tiny liquid droplets.
- Billions of droplets together form clouds.
- The water is now high in the sky, waiting to fall.
凝结形成云
- 水蒸气上升时,它冷却。
- 通过凝结(condensation),它变回微小的液态水滴。
- 数十亿个水滴一起形成云。
- 现在水高高地在天上,等待落下。
The water cycle · 水循环
Step around the cycle - the Sun drives water from the surface into the air and back as rain. · 绕这个循环走——太阳驱动水从地表进入空气,再作为雨返回。
Water falling back to Earth as rain or snow is called . · 水作为雨或雪落回地球叫做。
Precipitation · 降水 is water returning to the surface as rain, snow, or hail. · 降水是水作为雨、雪或冰雹返回地表。
Precipitation returns it
- When droplets grow heavy, they fall as precipitation 降水 — rain or snow.
- The water collects in rivers, lakes, and the ground.
- It flows back toward the sea as runoff.
- There the Sun evaporates it again, and the cycle repeats.
降水把它送回
- 当水滴变重,它们作为降水(precipitation)落下——雨或雪。
- 水汇集在河流、湖泊和地里。
- 它作为径流流回海里。
- 在那里太阳再次蒸发它,循环重复。
Plants also add water vapour to the air through transpiration. · 植物也通过蒸腾作用给空气添加水蒸气。
Transpiration · 蒸腾作用 is water evaporating from plant leaves — a big source of vapour over land. · 蒸腾作用是水从植物叶子蒸发——陆地上水蒸气的一个大来源。
Select all · 所有 true statements about the water cycle. · 选出关于水循环的所有正确说法。
Water is recycled, never created or destroyed. The other three are correct. · 水被循环利用,从不被创造或摧毁。其余三条正确。
Water is recycled, not created or destroyed. The total amount of water on Earth stays about the same; the cycle just keeps moving it around. So when we "use up" fresh water, we really mean it has moved somewhere hard to reach or become polluted — not that it vanished.
水是被循环利用的,而不是被创造或摧毁的。地球上水的总量大致保持不变;循环只是不断把它移来移去。所以当我们"用尽"淡水时,我们真正的意思是它移到了难以触及的地方或变得污染了——而不是它消失了。
A raindrop's round trip:
- Sunlight evaporates a drop of seawater into vapour.
- It rises, condenses into a cloud, and falls as rain onto a mountain.
- It flows down a river back to the sea — completing one loop of the water cycle.
一滴雨的往返:
- 阳光把一滴海水蒸发成水蒸气。
- 它上升,凝结成云,作为雨落到一座山上。
- 它顺一条河流回海里——完成水循环的一圈。
The water cycle, driven by the Sun, recycles Earth's water. Evaporation (and plant transpiration) lift water vapour up; condensation forms clouds; precipitation returns water as rain or snow; and runoff carries it back to the sea. Water is recycled, never created or destroyed.
由太阳驱动的水循环,循环利用地球的水。蒸发(以及植物的蒸腾作用)把水蒸气抬上去;凝结形成云;降水把水作为雨或雪送回;而径流把它带回海里。水被循环利用,从不被创造或摧毁。