Aquatic Biomes · 水生生物群系
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| aquatic/əˈkwætɪk/ | 水生的 | shuǐ shēng de |
| salinity/seɪˈlɪnɪti/ | 盐度 | yán dù |
| freshwater/ˈfreʃwɔːtə/ | 淡水 | dàn shuǐ |
| marine/məˈriːn/ | 海洋的 | hǎi yáng de |
| estuary/ˈestjuːəri/ | 河口 | hé kǒu |
The water worlds
- Most of Earth's surface is water, and it teems with life.
- Aquatic biomes range from a tiny pond to the vast open ocean.
- What separates them is not temperature but salt.
- The amount of salt decides which creatures can live there.
水的世界
- 地球表面大部分是水,而且它充满生命。
- 水生生物群系从一个小池塘到浩瀚的大洋都有。
- 把它们分开的不是温度,而是盐。
- 盐的量决定哪些生物能在那里生活。
Salinity divides the waters
- Aquatic 水生的 biomes are sorted mainly by their salinity 盐度 — how salty the water is.
- Freshwater 淡水 biomes, like lakes and rivers, have very little salt.
- Marine 海洋的 biomes, like the ocean and reefs, are salty.
- Most organisms are adapted to one or the other, not both.
盐度划分水域
- 水生的(aquatic)生物群系主要按它们的盐度(salinity)来分类——水有多咸。
- 淡水(freshwater)生物群系,比如湖泊和河流,盐很少。
- 海洋的(marine)生物群系,比如大洋和珊瑚礁,是咸的。
- 大多数生物适应其中一种,而不是两种都适应。
Aquatic biomes are mainly divided by their salinity, which means… · 水生生物群系主要按它们的盐度划分,这意味着……
Salinity is the amount of dissolved salt; it separates freshwater from marine biomes. · 盐度是溶解盐的量;它把淡水和海洋生物群系分开。
Where waters mix
- An estuary 河口 is where a river meets the sea.
- Its water is brackish — a mix of fresh and salt.
- Estuaries are among the richest, most productive places on Earth.
- They act as nurseries for fish and feeding grounds for birds.
水域交汇处
- 河口(estuary)是一条河与海相遇的地方。
- 它的水是半咸的——淡水和咸水的混合。
- 河口是地球上最丰饶、生产力最高的地方之一。
- 它们充当鱼的育儿所和鸟的觅食地。
Which is a marine biome? · 哪个是海洋生物群系?
A coral reef is marine (salt water); lakes, rivers and ponds are freshwater. · 珊瑚礁是海洋的(咸水);湖泊、河流和池塘是淡水。
The brackish place where a river meets the sea is called an . · 一条河与海相遇的半咸水地方叫做。
An estuary is where fresh and salt water mix; it is very rich in life. · 河口是淡水和咸水混合的地方;它生命非常丰富。
Sunlight and life
- Sunlight only reaches the shallow, upper layer of water.
- Producers like algae need that light to photosynthesise.
- So most aquatic life is packed into the sunlit surface waters.
- The deep, dark ocean holds far fewer living things.
阳光与生命
- 阳光只能到达水的浅的、上面的一层。
- 藻类这类生产者需要那份光来进行光合作用。
- 所以大多数水生生物都聚集在阳光照射的表层水里。
- 深暗的海洋容纳的生物少得多。
Freshwater, marine, or in-between? · 淡水、海洋,还是中间?
Sort each aquatic biome by its salinity - fresh, salty, or the brackish mix where they meet. · 按照盐度给每个水生生物群系分类——淡的、咸的,或它们相遇处的半咸水混合。
Most aquatic life is found in shallow, sunlit water where photosynthesis can happen. · 大多数水生生物在阳光照射的浅水里,那里能进行光合作用。
Sunlight only reaches shallow water, so the sunlit zone supports the most producers and life. · 阳光只能到达浅水,所以阳光照射的区域支持最多的生产者和生命。
Select all · 所有 true statements about aquatic biomes. · 选出关于水生生物群系的所有正确说法。
Many aquatic biomes are marine (salt water), not freshwater. The other three are correct. · 许多水生生物群系是海洋的(咸水),不是淡水。其余三条正确。
Do not sort aquatic biomes by temperature — sort them by salinity. Fresh versus salt water is the key divide, because most organisms can survive in only one. A fish from a river would die in the sea, and vice versa.
不要按温度给水生生物群系分类——按盐度来分。淡水与咸水是关键的分界,因为大多数生物只能在其中一种里生存。一条来自河流的鱼在海里会死,反之亦然。
An estuary at work:
- A river carries fresh water and nutrients down to the coast.
- Where it meets the salty sea, the two mix into brackish water.
- The rich mix of nutrients feeds huge amounts of life — which is why estuaries are vital nurseries for fish.
一个河口在运作:
- 一条河把淡水和养分带到海岸。
- 在它与咸的海相遇处,两者混合成半咸水。
- 丰富的养分混合喂养着大量的生命——这就是为什么河口是鱼至关重要的育儿所。
Aquatic biomes are divided mainly by salinity: freshwater (lakes, rivers) has little salt, marine (ocean, reefs) is salty, and an estuary is the brackish mix where a river meets the sea. Because sunlight reaches only shallow water, most life is found near the surface.
水生生物群系主要按盐度划分:淡水(湖泊、河流)盐很少,海洋的(大洋、珊瑚礁)是咸的,而河口是一条河与海相遇处的半咸水混合。因为阳光只能到达浅水,大多数生命在表面附近。