What a Contrast Emphasises · 对比强调的内容
A contrast selects
- The differences highlighted by a contrast emphasize the particular traits, aspects or characteristics important for comparison of the things being contrasted.
- So a contrast does not show everything about two things — it shows the one axis they differ on.
- Naming that axis is the analysis; listing the two things is not.
Contrast is a spotlight, not an inventory scanner: ask what it chose to illuminate.
对照是在挑选
- 对照所凸显的差异,强调了被对照之物在比较中重要的那些特定特征、方面或性质。
- 因此对照并不展示两样东西的全部——它展示的是它们相异的那一条轴。
- 点出那条轴才是分析;罗列那两样东西不是。
对比是聚光灯，不是盘点用的扫描器：要问它选中了哪里来照亮。
The differences a contrast highlights emphasise... · 对比突出的差异强调了……
A contrast selects one axis out of a hundred differences. · 对比是从一百个差异中选出一个轴心。
Find the axis
- Two characters differ in a hundred ways; a contrast makes one of them matter.
- Ask what the two things are being compared for.
- The answer is usually a single word — patience, honesty, willingness to stay — and it is the point of the contrast.
找到那条轴
- 两个人物有一百处不同;对照使其中一处变得要紧。
- 问这两样东西被拿来比较是为了什么。
- 答案通常是一个词——耐心、诚实、留下的意愿——而这就是这处对照的要点。
Contrasts carry value conflicts
- Contrasts often represent conflicts in values related to character, narrator or speaker perspectives on ideas represented by a text.
- So a contrast is rarely decorative — it is usually a conflict rendered visible.
- That is why contrast, conflict and character keep meeting in this course.
对照承载价值冲突
- 对照常常体现与人物、叙述者或说话者对文本所呈现之观念的视角相关的价值冲突。
- 因此对照很少是装饰性的——它通常是被显形的冲突。
- 这正是对照、冲突与人物在本课程中不断相遇的原因。
Sides, axis, or idea? · 双方、轴心，还是观点？
Sort each statement by how far the analysis has gone. · 根据分析深入程度对每个陈述进行分类。
A contrast in a literary text is usually decorative. · 文学文本中的对比通常是装饰性的。
It usually represents a conflict in values — a conflict rendered visible. · 它通常 代表了一种价值观冲突——一种变得可见的冲突。
Listing two things is not analysing a contrast. "One brother is generous, the other is not" names the sides. The analysis names the axis — the trait the comparison makes important — and the idea both are perspectives on, which is where the value conflict lives.
罗列两样东西不是分析对照。"一个兄弟慷慨,另一个不慷慨"点出的是双方。分析要点出那条轴——比较使之变得重要的那个特征——以及双方都在对之持有视角的那个观念,价值冲突正住在那里。
Contrasts represent conflicts in values related to perspectives on ____ represented by a text. · 对比代表了与文本所呈现的 ____ 相关的价值观冲突。
So the contrast is between two readings of the same idea. · 因此，对比是同一概念的两种解读之间的对比。
Perspectives on ideas
- The CED's phrase is precise: perspectives on ideas represented by a text.
- So the contrast is not just between two people — it is between two readings of the same idea.
- Say which idea, and what each side's reading of it is.
对观念的视角
- CED 的措辞很精确:对文本所呈现之观念的视角。
- 因此这处对照不只是两个人之间的——而是对同一个观念的两种解读之间的。
- 说出是哪个观念,以及双方各自对它的解读是什么。
Select all · 所有 the steps of the contrast pass. · 选择 所有 对比分析的步骤。
Deciding who is right is a judgement the text rarely asks for. · 决定谁对谁错是文本很少要求做出的判断。
Match each level to what it delivers. · 将每个层级与其提供的内容匹配。
Most answers stop at the first level; the marks are at the second and third. · 大多数答案停留在第一层；分数在第二层和第三层。
A contrast pass
- Name the two things contrasted. Name the single axis of difference.
- Name the idea both are perspectives on.
- Then say what the contrast makes visible that neither side alone would show.
对照检查
- 说出被对照的两样东西。说出那条唯一的差异之轴。
- 说出双方都在对之持有视角的那个观念。
- 然后说出这处对照让什么变得可见,而这是任何一方单独都无法显示的。
Two sisters, contrasted through what they keep. One keeps every letter; one keeps nothing. The axis is not tidiness but obligation to the past, and the idea both hold a perspective on is what a family owes to the people who are gone.
两姐妹,通过各自留下什么来对照。一个留下每一封信;一个什么也不留。那条轴不是整洁,而是对过去的义务,而她们都持有视角的那个观念,是一个家庭亏欠逝者什么。
A contrast emphasises the particular traits important for the comparison — so name the single axis, not the two sides. Contrasts often represent conflicts in values related to perspectives on ideas represented by the text: say which idea, and what each side's reading of it is.
对照强调的是在比较中重要的那些特定特征——因此要点出那条唯一的轴,而不是那两方。对照常常体现价值冲突,与对文本所呈现之观念的视角相关:说出是哪个观念,以及双方各自对它的解读。