Galvanic and Electrolytic Cells · 原电池与电解池
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| galvanic cell/ɡælˈvænɪk sel/ | 原电池 | yuán diàn chí |
| electrolytic cell/ɪˌlektrəˈlɪtɪk sel/ | 电解池 | diàn jiě chí |
Turning chemistry into current
- A battery turns a chemical reaction into flowing electrons.
- Run electricity backward, and you force a reaction uphill.
- Both use the same parts, but in opposite directions.
- Redox reactions and wires make the connection.
把化学变成电流
- 电池把化学反应变成流动的电子。
- 把电流倒着通,你就迫使一个反应逆势进行。
- 两者使用相同的部件,但方向相反。
- 氧化还原反应和导线建立了这种联系。
The galvanic cell
- A galvanic cell 原电池 uses a favourable redox reaction to make electricity.
- Electrons flow through the wire from anode to cathode.
- Oxidation happens at the anode; reduction at the cathode.
原电池
- 原电池用一个有利的氧化还原反应来产生电。
- 电子通过导线从阳极流向阴极。
- 氧化发生在阳极;还原发生在阴极。
Electrons flow through the wire from... · 电子通过导线从...流向...
Electrons travel anode to cathode in both cell types. · 在两类电池中，电子均从阳极流向阴极。
The electrolytic cell
- An electrolytic cell 电解池 uses electricity to force an unfavourable reaction.
- An outside power source pushes electrons the "wrong" way.
- It is used to plate metals or split compounds.
电解池
- 电解池用电来迫使一个不利的反应进行。
- 外部电源把电子朝"错误"的方向推。
- 它用来给金属镀层或分解化合物。
An electrolytic cell uses electricity to... · 电解池利用电能来...
An outside source drives a non-spontaneous reaction. · 外部电源驱动非自发反应。
Anode and cathode
- In both cells, oxidation is at the anode and reduction at the cathode.
- Galvanic: the reaction is spontaneous and releases energy.
- Electrolytic: the reaction is forced and consumes energy.
阳极与阴极
- 在两种电池中,氧化都在阳极,还原都在阴极。
- 原电池:反应是自发的,放出能量。
- 电解池:反应是被迫的,消耗能量。
Inside a galvanic cell · 在原电池内部
Tap each part to trace the electrons and ions in a spontaneous cell. · 点击各部分以追踪自发电池中的电子和离子流动。
In both cell types, oxidation occurs at the... · 在这两类电池中，氧化都发生在...
Oxidation is always at the anode. · 氧化总是发生在阳极。
A galvanic cell runs on a spontaneous reaction; an electrolytic cell forces a non-spontaneous one. · 原电池基于自发反应运行；电解池强制进行非自发反应。
That difference in drive defines the two cell types. · 这种驱动力差异定义了两类电池。
Reduction always occurs at the ____. · 还原总是发生在 ____。
Reduction happens at the cathode in both cells. · 在两类电池中，还原都发生在阴极。
Is a battery powering a phone a galvanic or an electrolytic cell?
- It uses a spontaneous reaction to supply energy.
- So it is a galvanic cell.
给手机供电的电池是原电池还是电解池?
- 它用一个自发反应来供能。
- 所以它是原电池。
A battery powering a device is which kind of cell? · 为设备供电的电池属于哪种类型的电池？
It uses a spontaneous reaction to supply energy -- galvanic. · 它利用自发反应提供能量——原电池。
In both cells, oxidation is at the anode and reduction at the cathode -- that never changes. What differs is the drive: galvanic is spontaneous (makes current), electrolytic is forced (uses current). And electrons always flow from anode to cathode through the wire.
在两种电池中,氧化都在阳极、还原都在阴极——这从不改变。不同的是驱动方式:原电池是自发的(产生电流),电解池是被迫的(消耗电流)。而且电子总是通过导线从阳极流向阴极。
A galvanic cell turns a spontaneous redox reaction into current, while an electrolytic cell uses current to force an unfavourable one. In both, oxidation is at the anode and reduction at the cathode, and electrons flow anode to cathode -- only the direction of the drive differs.
原电池把自发的氧化还原反应变成电流,而电解池用电流迫使一个不利的反应进行。在两者中,氧化都在阳极、还原都在阴极,电子从阳极流向阴极——只有驱动的方向不同。