Introduction to Equilibrium · 平衡简介
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| equilibrium/ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm/ | 平衡 | píng héng |
A busy standstill
- Some reactions never fully finish -- they reach a balance.
- Reactants and products settle at steady amounts.
- But underneath, the reaction is still running both ways.
- It is a standstill built from constant motion.
繁忙的静止
- 有些反应从不彻底完成——它们达到一种平衡。
- 反应物和产物停在稳定的量上。
- 但在底下,反应仍在双向进行。
- 这是一种由持续运动构成的静止。
Both ways at once
- A reversible reaction runs forward and backward at the same time.
- At equilibrium 平衡, the two rates become equal.
- It is dynamic: both directions keep going, just in balance.
同时两个方向
- 可逆反应同时正向和逆向进行。
- 在平衡时,两个速率变得相等。
- 它是动态的:两个方向都继续进行,只是处于平衡。
At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reaction rates are... · 在平衡时，正反应速率和逆反应速率是...
Equal rates keep the concentrations constant. · 相等的速率保持浓度不变。
Steady, not stopped
- At equilibrium, the concentrations stay constant.
- They are not zero, and not necessarily equal to each other.
- Products form as fast as they break back down.
稳定,而非停止
- 在平衡时,浓度保持不变。
- 它们不是零,也不一定彼此相等。
- 产物生成的速度与它们分解回去的速度一样快。
At equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products are... · 在平衡时，反应物和产物的浓度是...
They stop changing but are not necessarily equal to each other. · 它们不再变化，但不一定彼此相等。
At equilibrium the concentrations hold ____ over time. · 在平衡时，浓度随时间____。
Equal opposing rates keep concentrations steady. · 相等的反向速率使浓度保持稳定。
At equilibrium the reactant concentrations are zero. · 在平衡时，反应物浓度为零。
Both reactants and products remain present at steady amounts. · 反应物和产物都以稳定的量存在。
How to spot equilibrium
- The forward rate equals the reverse rate.
- The concentrations hold steady over time.
- The reaction has not stopped; it is balanced.
如何识别平衡
- 正向速率等于逆向速率。
- 浓度随时间保持稳定。
- 反应并没有停止;它处于平衡。
Reaching dynamic equilibrium · 达到动态平衡
Watch a reversible reaction settle into equilibrium. · 观察可逆反应如何趋向平衡。
At equilibrium, both the forward and reverse reactions have stopped. · 在平衡时，正反应和逆反应都已停止。
Equilibrium is dynamic -- both keep running at equal rates. · 平衡是动态的——两者都以相等的速率持续进行。
Reaching equilibrium means the reaction has completely finished. · 达到平衡意味着反应已经完全结束。
The reaction continues in both directions, just in balance. · 反应仍在两个方向上进行，只是处于平衡状态。
Why do the amounts stop changing at equilibrium?
- The forward and reverse reactions run at the same speed.
- Each product made is matched by one breaking down.
为什么在平衡时各种量停止变化?
- 正反应和逆反应以相同的速度进行。
- 每生成一个产物,就有一个分解掉。
Equilibrium is dynamic, not static -- both reactions still happen, just at equal rates. Concentrations are constant but usually not equal to each other. And "equilibrium" does not mean the reaction stopped; it means the two directions balance.
平衡是动态的,而不是静态的——两个反应仍在发生,只是速率相等。浓度不变,但通常彼此不相等。而且"平衡"不意味着反应停止;它意味着两个方向相互平衡。
At equilibrium a reversible reaction's forward and reverse rates are equal, so the concentrations hold steady -- constant but not zero and not necessarily equal. It is dynamic: both directions keep running in perfect balance, not stopped.
在平衡时,可逆反应的正向和逆向速率相等,所以浓度保持稳定——不变,但不是零、也不一定相等。它是动态的:两个方向都在完美平衡中继续进行,而非停止。