เทคโนโลยีหลังปี 1900
| English | ไทย |
|---|---|
| The Green Revolution/ðə ɡriːn ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ | ปฏิวัติสีเขียว |
Distance became a smaller problem
- New modes of communication — including radio communication, cellular communication and the internet — as well as transportation, including air travel and shipping containers, reduced the problem of geographic distance.
- The CED's phrase is reduced the problem, not abolished it — distance still costs money and time.
- Shipping containers are the item students overlook: a standard box that moves between ship, rail and truck without unpacking.
เลือก ทุก เทคโนโลยีที่ CED กล่าวว่าลดปัญหาระยะทาง
ยาต้านเชื้อแบคทีเรียอยู่ในหมวดหมู่การแพทย์
Energy raised what could be made
- Energy technologies, including the use of petroleum and nuclear power, raised productivity and increased the production of material goods.
- This is unit 5's fossil-fuel revolution continued, with a new source added.
- So the twentieth century's abundance rests on the same mechanism as the nineteenth's: more energy per person.
CED กล่าวว่าเทคโนโลยีเหล่านี้...
การขนส่งทางทะเลยังใช้เวลาหลายสัปดาห์; แบนด์วิดท์และขนส่งทางอากาศมีค่าใช้จ่าย
Food kept up with population
- The Green Revolution 绿色革命 and commercial agriculture increased productivity and sustained the earth's growing population as it spread chemically and genetically modified forms of agriculture.
- The CED puts the achievement and the method in one sentence: a growing population was fed, and it was fed by chemical and genetic modification.
- Both halves are examinable, and neither is a judgement.
เทคโนโลยีนี้มีผลกระทบอย่างไร?
เรียงแต่ละเทคโนโลยีตามผลกระทบที่ CED ชี้
ปฏิวัติ ____ และการเกษตรเชิงพาณิชย์ช่วยรักษาประชากรโลกที่กำลังเพิ่มขึ้น
มันแพร่กระจายในรูปแบบเกษตรกรรมเคมีและดัดแปลงพันธุกรรม
The CED says technology reduced the problem of geographic distance, not that it removed it. Shipping still takes weeks, and bandwidth and air freight cost money — so an answer claiming distance stopped mattering states more than the CED does.
เลือก ทั้งสอง ผลกระทบทางประชากรศาสตร์ที่ CED ชี้
รวมกันแล้วพวกมันเปลี่ยนโครงสร้างอายุของประชากร
Medicine lengthened lives
- Medical innovations, including vaccines and antibiotics, increased the ability of humans to survive and live longer lives.
- More effective forms of birth control gave women greater control over fertility, transformed reproductive practices, and contributed to declining rates of fertility in much of the world.
- Longer lives and fewer births together reshape a population's age structure — which is the demographic fact behind much of unit 9.
จับคู่แต่ละเทคโนโลยีกับผลกระทบที่ CED ชี้
การระบุผลกระทบแทนอุปกรณ์จะเปลี่ยนรายการให้เป็นคำตอบ
Five technologies, five effects
- Communication and transport → distance. Energy → productivity. Agriculture → population sustained.
- Medicine → longevity. Birth control → fertility and reproductive practice.
- Naming the effect rather than the device is what turns a list into an answer.
A shipping container is a box of agreed dimensions with corner fittings. It is not an invention about the sea; it is an agreement that lets the same box move from a factory to a ship to a train without being opened. The technology is a standard, and the standard is what reduced the cost of distance.
Radio, cellular communication, the internet, air travel and shipping containers reduced the problem of geographic distance. Petroleum and nuclear power raised productivity. The Green Revolution and commercial agriculture sustained a growing population through chemical and genetic modification. Vaccines and antibiotics lengthened lives, and more effective birth control gave women greater control over fertility.