Conditionals — first and second · Conditionais — primeiro e segundo
If … , then …
- A conditional says "if this happens, then that happens".
- At B1 we focus on the first and second conditionals.
- They look similar but mean different things.
If it rains tomorrow, my umbrella will choose to stay at home.
If … , then …
- Uma condicional diz "se isso acontecer, então aquilo acontece".
- No nível B1, focamos nas condicionais primeira e segunda.
- Parecem semelhantes, mas significam coisas diferentes.
Se chover amanhã, meu guarda-chuva decidirá ficar em casa.
First conditional — real future
If + present simple, will + base verb.- For a real, possible future.
- If it rains, we will stay home. If you hurry, you'll catch the bus.
Primeira condicional — futuro real
If + present simple, will + base verb.- Para um futuro real e possível.
- Se chover, ficaremos em casa. Se se apressar, pegará o ônibus.
Complete the first conditional: If it rains, we ___ at home. · Complete o first conditional: If it rains, we ___ at home.
First conditional: If + present, will + base verb → “will stay”. · First conditional: If + presente, will + verbo base → “will stay”.
Is this correct? “If it will rain, we will stay home.” · Isso está correto? “If it will rain, we will stay home.”
The if-clause uses the present, not will: “If it rains, we will stay home.” · A cláusula if usa o presente, não will: “If it rains, we will stay home.”
Translate into English: 如果下雨,我们就待在家里。 · Traduza para o inglês: 如果下雨,我们就待在家里。
First conditional: If + present, will + base verb. · First conditional: If + presente, will + verbo base.
Second conditional — unreal / unlikely
If + past simple, would + base verb.- For something imaginary or unlikely now.
- If I had more time, I would travel. If I were you, I'd rest.
Segunda condicional — irreal / improvável
If + past simple, would + base verb.- Para algo imaginário ou improvável agora.
- Se eu tivesse mais tempo, viajaria. Se eu fosse você, descansaria.
First or second conditional? · Primeiro ou segundo condicional?
First = real future (present + will); second = unreal now (past + would). · First = futuro real (presente + will); second = irreala agora (passado + would).
Second conditional: If I ___ you, I would rest. (use the past of “be”) · Second conditional: If I ___ you, I would rest. (use o passado de “be”)
Second conditional often uses “were” for all subjects: “If I were you …”. · Second conditional frequentemente usa “were” para todos os sujeitos: “If I were you …”.
unless
- unless = if … not.
- You'll be late unless you hurry. (= if you don't hurry)
- Don't add another "not" after unless.
unless
- unless = if … not (se não).
- You'll be late unless you hurry. (= se você não se apressar)
- Não adicione outro "not" após unless.
Common mistakes
- ❌ If I will have time, I'll help. → ✓ If I have time, I'll help.
- ❌ If I would be rich, I would travel. → ✓ If I were rich… — would stays in the main clause.
- Keep the pair together: real → If + present, will; unreal → If + past, would.
Erros comuns
- ❌ If I will have time, I'll help. → ✓ Se eu tiver tempo, ajudarei.
- ❌ If I would be rich, I would travel. → ✓ Se eu fosse rico… — would fica na oração principal.
- Mantenha o par juntos: real → If + presente, will; irreal → If + passado, would.
Match each if-clause to its main clause. · Combine cada cláusula if à sua cláusula principal.
First conditional → will; second → would; zero (facts) → present + present. · First conditional → will; second → would; zero (fatos) → presente + presente.
Which sentence is correct? · Qual frase está correta?
Unreal present: If + past simple, would + base. · Presente irreal: If + past simple, would + base.
- First conditional (real): If + present, will + base verb.
- Second conditional (unreal): If + past, would + base verb.
- The if-clause never uses will; unless = if … not.
- Primeira condicional (real): If + presente, will + verbo base.
- Segunda condicional (irreal): If + passado, would + verbo base.
- A oração com if nunca usa will; unless = if … not.
Imagine an unreal situation. Write one sentence with the second conditional (If + past, would + base verb). · Imagine uma situação irreal. Escreva uma frase com o segundo condicional (If + passado, would + verbo base).
Example: “If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.” · Exemplo: “If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.”