Direction complement 来 / 去 (HSK 4)
IntroducedDirection depends on the adopted viewpoint
- You are inside a room and invite someone outside to enter.
- you你quickly快come in进来(suggestion)吧。 — to come来 points towards the viewpoint inside the room.
You are inside a room and invite someone outside to enter. What does 你快进来吧。 communicate?
来 points towards the viewpoint inside the room. The reference point may be the speaker or an adopted narrative viewpoint. 去 points away from that point, so establish it before choosing the direction.
Build the form
- The pattern in this lesson is Direction complement to come来 / to go去 (HSK 4). Locate it in the original interlinear examples below.
- Keep the words in their demonstrated positions; the pattern must fit the intended situation as well as the sentence form.
you你quickly快come in进来吧。
Using the lesson pattern in this demonstrated example: Come in, quick! 你快 ____ 吧。
进 + 来 (toward me) = 进来 (come in).
Read examples in context
- In the opening example, you你quickly快come in进来(suggestion)吧。: to come来 points towards the viewpoint inside the room.
- Explain who acts, what is described and which time or group is relevant before choosing an English paraphrase.
拿去 means…
去 = away: 拿去 (take away); 拿来 = bring here.
Know the boundary
- The reference point may be the speaker or an adopted narrative viewpoint.
- to go去 points away from that point, so establish it before choosing the direction.
来/去 are chosen relative to a viewpoint, often the speaker's position.
A narrative can adopt another reference point. Establish the viewpoint rather than assuming only the speaker's present physical location.
来 always points towards the listener's actual location.
The reference point may be the speaker or an adopted narrative viewpoint. 去 points away from that point, so establish it before choosing the direction. 来 points towards the viewpoint inside the room.
Use the distinction
- to come来 points towards the viewpoint inside the room.
- The reference point may be the speaker or an adopted narrative viewpoint. to go去 points away from that point, so establish it before choosing the direction.
Read the full reference: HSK 4 grammar — Complements.
You are inside a room and invite someone outside to enter. Close the examples. Say a Mandarin response, then write it in Chinese. Explain briefly in English what the lesson’s pattern adds. Compare with the model, then change one detail and try again.
This is supported productive practice. Compare meaning and structure; your answer need not copy the model. A partner or teacher must hear the spoken response to comment on pronunciation.