Verbal: text completion and sentence equivalence
| English | 中文 | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|
| equivalence/ɪˈkwɪvələns/ | 等义关系 | děng yì guān xì |
| arduous/ˈɑːdjuːəs/ | 艰难的 | jiān nán de |
A decision before an answer
- “Although the design looked simple, building it was ____.” A contrast cue gives you a prediction before any answer choices.
- Your goal: Complete one-, two- and three-blank passages using context.
Read the relationship
- For text completion, predict each blank from the passage. Support for a later blank may appear earlier.
- Select two sentence-equivalence choices yielding coherent equivalent meanings.
“Despite abundant detail, the account was ____ about its source.”
Despite sets a contrast: many details but unclear sourcing.
Use the defining rule
- A two- or three-blank item requires all blanks correct; do not treat choices as independent mini-scores.
- Use logical cues rather than vocabulary similarity alone.
“Her reply was concise.” Concise means:
Concise describes economical expression, not attitude or truth.
Check the conditions
- Sentence equivalence requires two choices that both fit and produce equivalent sentence meanings.
- Use logical cues rather than vocabulary similarity alone.
Although the design looked simple, building it was arduous. Although signals a contrast between appearance and effort. For equivalence, difficult and demanding could both fit this sentence; easy and effortless would reverse the needed contrast.
“However” usually signals a ____.
Use the logical cue to predict the blank’s role.
Apply the task format
- A pair of synonyms can both fail the sentence. Check grammar, tone and logic as well as word meaning.
- Use logical cues rather than vocabulary similarity alone.
Do not search only for dictionary synonyms. The completed sentence controls equivalence.
Which answer fits this case?
Complete one-, two- and three-blank passages using context
Any two synonyms are automatically a valid sentence-equivalence pair.
Both must fit and yield equivalent completed sentences.
Keep the distinctions
- arduous 艰难的 — Requiring much effort.
- equivalence 等义关系 — Matching meaning in the completed sentence.
- Complete one-, two- and three-blank passages using context.
- Select two sentence-equivalence choices yielding coherent equivalent meanings.
- Use logical cues rather than vocabulary similarity alone.
Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.
Keep the distinctions stated in the teaching example.
Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.
The order follows the stated process; check each stage before the next.