9701 Chemistry November 2025 Question Paper 14

Helium forms an ion . He+

Three statements about this ion are listed. It contains two protons. It contains three neutrons.

It contains one electron. Which statements are correct?

A solution containing 4.4 g of an organic acid is exactly neutralised by 25.0 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide. The acid has one COOH group in each molecule. What is the empirical formula of the acid?

In which set do all the molecules have all their atoms arranged in one plane?

The diagram shows the bonding in a molecule of propyne.

The boiling point of water, H2O, is higher than that of hydrogen sulfide, H2S. Which statement explains this difference in boiling points?

Which row describes silicon dioxide? electrical conductivity in liquid state solubility in water

The data shown are needed for this question. (P4O10(s)) = –3012 kJ mol–1 (H2O(l)) = –286 kJ mol–1 (H3PO4(s)) = –1279 kJ mol–1 What is H o for the reaction shown? P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l)  4H3PO4(s)

In an experiment to measure the enthalpy change of neutralisation of hydrochloric acid, 20 cm3 of solution containing 0.04 mol of HCl is placed in a plastic cup of negligible heat capacity. A 20 cm3 sample of aqueous sodium hydroxide containing 0.04 mol of NaOH, at the same initial temperature, is added and the temperature rises by 15 K. If the heat capacity per unit volume of the final solution is 4.2 J K–1 cm–3, what is the enthalpy change of neutralisation of hydrochloric acid?

Acidified potassium manganate(VII) reacts with iron(II) ethanedioate, FeC2O4. The reactions taking place are shown. MnO4 – + 8H+ + 5e–  Mn2+ + 4H2O Fe2+  Fe3+ + e– C2O4 2–  2CO2 + 2e– How many moles of iron(II) ethanedioate react with one mole of potassium manganate(VII)?

Nitrogen dioxide decomposes on heating according to the equation shown. 2NO2(g) 2NO(g) + O2(g) When 4 mol of nitrogen dioxide were put into a 1 dm3 container and heated to a constant temperature, the equilibrium mixture contained 0.8 mol of oxygen. What is the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc, at the temperature of the experiment?

One particle of X reacts with one particle of Y in a single-step reaction to produce two particles of Z. This reaction is exothermic and reversible. X + Y 2Z Three statements about the forward and reverse reactions are listed. The activation energy of the forward reaction is equal to the activation energy of the reverse reaction. At equilibrium, the frequency of collisions between one particle of X and one particle of Y is equal to the frequency of collisions between two particles of Z. At equilibrium, the frequency of effective collisions between one particle of X and one particle of Y is equal to the frequency of effective collisions between two particles of Z. Which statements are correct?

When two aqueous solutions are mixed, the reaction between them is very slow. An effective catalyst is added to the mixture without any change in temperature. Which statement about this catalyst is correct?

A mixture of gases reacts faster as its temperature increases. Which row explains this? the activation energy remains unchanged more particles have energy equal to or above the activation energy there is an increase in the rate of successful collisions

A student investigated the chloride of a Period 3 element. This is what the student wrote down as their observations. The compound was a white crystalline solid. It dissolved easily in water to give a solution of pH 12. When placed in a test-tube and heated in a roaring Bunsen flame, the compound melted after several minutes’ heating. What can be deduced from these observations?

Which graph shows the relative melting points of the elements Mg, Al, Si and P plotted against their relative electronegativities? melting point electronegativity

Caesium and barium are in Period 6 of the Periodic Table. Which row is correct? the larger ionic radius the higher melting point

Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, will decompose when heated to give a white solid and a mixture of gases. One of the gases released is oxygen. 29.7 g of anhydrous magnesium nitrate is heated until no further reaction takes place. Which mass of oxygen is produced?

Which row shows the trends in the named properties going down the Group 2 nitrates? thermal stability volume of gas produced, measured at room conditions, when 1.0 g of anhydrous solid nitrate is thermally decomposed

X, Y and Z are three aqueous solutions. Equal volumes of pairs of the solutions are mixed and observations noted. X mixed with Y shows no reaction. X mixed with Z shows an immediate reaction. Z mixed with Y shows no reaction. What are X, Y and Z? X Y Z

An excess of chlorine gas is bubbled into hot potassium hydroxide solution. Which chlorine-containing species are present in the final solution?

The oxides of nitrogen, NO and NO2, act as pollutants in the Earth’s atmosphere in a number of different ways. Three statements about the oxides of nitrogen are listed. They react with oxygen and water vapour to form nitric acid, a constituent of acid rain. They react with carbon monoxide to form photochemical smog. They catalyse the oxidation of sulfur dioxide in the formation of sulfuric acid, another constituent of acid rain. Which statements are correct?

Which reagent, when mixed with ammonium sulfate and then heated, liberates ammonia?

Two hydrocarbons, CH3CHC(CH3)CH3 and CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3, react separately with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light. In each reaction, free-radical substitution occurs. Which row is correct? identity of the hydrocarbon that can also undergo electrophilic addition a termination stage of the free-radical substitution of the saturated hydrocarbon

The structure of the compound -ionone is shown. O -ionone Including -ionone, how many stereoisomers exist with this molecular formula?

Structural and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question. A mixture of 1-chlorobutane and 2-chlorobutane is heated with an excess of NaOH in ethanol. How many different organic molecules will be produced?

The diagram shows the skeletal formula of the hormone testosterone. O OH What is the molecular formula of testosterone?

Pinenes are unsaturated compounds. The structures of two pinenes are shown. -pinene -pinene A mixture of these two pinenes reacts with hot concentrated acidified KMnO4. What are the molecular formulae of the organic products?

An organic ion containing a carbon atom with a negative charge is called a carbanion. An organic ion containing a carbon atom with a positive charge is called a carbocation. The reaction between NaOH(aq) and 1-bromobutane proceeds by an SN2 mechanism. What is the first step in the mechanism?

2-chloropropane and 2-bromopropane react separately with aqueous NaOH. Which row is correct? comparison of rates of reaction explanation of the difference in reaction rates

The diagram shows the structure of compound X. Br Br Br X X undergoes hydrolysis to form product Y in which all of the bromine atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups. Product Z is formed by oxidation of Y. Two suggestions are listed. Y is a secondary alcohol. Z is a ketone. Which suggestions are correct?

Cyclohexanol is converted to cyclohexane-1,2-diol via a two-step synthesis that proceeds via intermediate Q. OH Q step 1 step 2 OH OH Which row identifies the type of reaction in step 1 and in step 2? step 1 step 2

Three tests were performed on an unknown organic compound. test reagent test result 2,4-DNPH reagent orange ppt Tollens’ reagent no change alkaline I2(aq) yellow ppt What is the organic compound tested?

Butanone, CH3CH2COCH3, and HCN mixed with a little KCN react together in a nucleophilic addition reaction. Which description of the mechanism of this nucleophilic addition reaction is correct?

The structural formula of compound P is CH3CH2COOCH2CH3. P can be formed by reacting together two organic compounds in the presence of a suitable catalyst. Which pair of compounds could react together to produce P?

The structures of three organic compounds are shown.

When bromoethane, C2H5Br, is heated with NaOH in ethanol, which type of reaction occurs?

PMMA is a rigid polymer. The repeat unit of PMMA is shown. n H CO2CH3 H CH3

A sample of gallium contains two isotopes only. In every 10 atoms in the sample, there are 6 that have 38 neutrons and 4 that have 40 neutrons. What is the relative atomic mass, Ar, of the gallium in the sample?