Internal influences on international business · 国际商务的内部影响
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| internal influence/ɪnˈtɜːnl ˈɪnfluːəns/ | 内部影响 | nèi bù yǐng xiǎng |
| supply chain/səˈplaɪ tʃeɪn/ | 供应链 | gōng yìng liàn |
| supplier dependence/səˈplaɪə dɪˈpendəns/ | 供应商依赖 | gōng yìng shāng yī lài |
| quality assurance/ˈkwɒlɪti əˈʃʊərəns/ | 质量保证 | zhì liàng bǎo zhèng |
| standard operating procedure/ˈstændəd ˈɒpəreɪtɪŋ prəˈsiːdʒə/ | 标准操作程序 | biāo zhǔn cāo zuò chéng xù |
Growth makes coordination harder
- An internal influence 内部影响 comes from within the firm: its people, structure, finance, systems, culture, and decisions.
- International growth can stretch communication, make quality less consistent, and slow decisions unless responsibilities are clear.
- A successful entry plan must be matched by an organisation able to deliver it.
An organisation chart cannot hold a conversation between two offices.
增长使协调更困难
- internal influence(内部影响)来自企业内部:人员、结构、财务、系统、文化和决定。
- 国际增长会拉紧沟通、使质量不一致并拖慢决定,除非责任清楚。
- 成功的进入计划必须有能交付它的组织相配。
组织结构图没法替两个办公室开口沟通。
Supply chains need resilience
- A supply chain 供应链 is the network moving materials, information, and products from source to customer.
- Supplier dependence 供应商依赖 occurs when a firm relies heavily on one supplier. It can simplify purchasing but makes disruption more serious.
- Resilience may involve a second approved supplier, safety stock, better forecasting, or a redesigned product that uses available materials.
供应链需要韧性
- supply chain(供应链)是把材料、信息和产品从来源移动到顾客的网络。
- supplier dependence(供应商依赖)发生在企业高度依赖一个供应商时。它可以简化采购,也会使中断更严重。
- 韧性可以包括第二个获批供应商、安全库存、更好预测或使用可获得材料重新设计产品。
What is a supply chain? · 什么是供应链?
It covers the path from source through the business to the customer. · 它覆盖从来源经过企业到顾客的路径。
Match the risk control to its purpose. · 把风险控制与目的配对。
Each control makes one disruption less likely to stop all output. · 每项控制都使一次中断较不可能停止全部产出。
Quality is a promise to every market
- Quality assurance 质量保证 builds quality into the process through standards, training, and checks, rather than waiting to find faults at the end.
- A standard operating procedure 标准操作程序 gives a repeatable method for a task. It supports consistent service across locations.
- Local teams may need flexibility to meet customer needs, but they still need clear non-negotiable safety and quality standards.
质量是对每个市场的承诺
- quality assurance(质量保证)通过标准、培训和检查把质量建立在流程中,而不是等到最后发现错误。
- standard operating procedure(标准操作程序)为一项任务提供可重复方法,支持不同地点的一致服务。
- 当地团队可能需要灵活满足顾客需求,但仍需要清楚、不可谈判的安全和质量标准。
Quality assurance aims to prevent defects through the process, not only find them at the end. · 质量保证旨在通过流程预防缺陷,而不只是最后发现它们。
Training, standards, and checks build quality into delivery. · 培训、标准和检查把质量建立在交付中。
A bicycle-accessory firm receives lights from one overseas supplier. A port delay stops production. The firm responds by approving a second supplier, keeping a small buffer stock, and documenting the quality test every batch must pass.
The issue began outside the firm, but the response—supplier policy, inventory level, and quality system—is internal.
**一家自行车配件企业从一个海外供应商接收车灯。**港口延误使生产停止。企业回应是批准第二个供应商、保留少量缓冲库存,并记录每批必须通过的质量测试。
问题从企业外部开始,但回应——供应商政策、库存水平和质量系统——在企业内部。
Which are internal responses to a port delay? Choose all that apply. · 哪些是对港口延误的内部回应?选出所有正确项。
The delay is external, but policies and systems are inside the firm’s control. · 延误是外部的,但政策和系统在企业控制内。
Write one English risk-control-reason sentence for the light supplier. · 为车灯供应商写一句英语的风险-控制-理由句。
Example: “The firm approves a second supplier so one delayed port shipment cannot stop all light production.” · 例如:“The firm approves a second supplier so one delayed port shipment cannot stop all light production.”
Risk → internal control → reason. “A second supplier reduces the chance that one port delay stops all production” identifies a control and its value.
风险→内部控制→理由。“第二个供应商减少一次港口延误停止全部生产的可能性”说明控制及其价值。
Do not confuse quality assurance with checking finished products only. Inspection can find a defect; assurance designs the process to prevent it.
不要把质量保证与只检查完成产品混淆。检验可以发现缺陷;质量保证设计流程以防止缺陷。