Entrepreneurship · 创业
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| entrepreneurship/ˌɒntrɪprəˈnjʊəʃɪp/ | 创业 | chuàng yè |
| value proposition/ˈvæljuː ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn/ | 价值主张 | jià zhí zhǔ zhāng |
| feasibility study/ˌfiːzɪˈbɪlɪti ˈstʌdi/ | 可行性研究 | kě xíng xìng yán jiū |
| start-up capital/stɑːt ʌp ˈkæpɪtl/ | 创业资金 | chuàng yè zī jīn |
| break-even point/breɪk ˈiːvən pɔɪnt/ | 盈亏平衡点 | yíng kuī píng héng diǎn |
Start with a real problem
- Entrepreneurship 创业 is identifying an opportunity, organising resources, and taking responsibility for creating value.
- An idea is not automatically an opportunity. It becomes one when a defined customer has a problem worth solving and is likely to pay for the solution.
- A value proposition 价值主张 states who the offer helps, what problem it solves, and why that offer is useful.
An idea is free; customers are under no obligation to applaud.
从真实问题开始
- entrepreneurship(创业)是发现机会、组织资源并为创造价值承担责任。
- 一个想法不会自动成为机会。只有明确顾客有值得解决的问题,并可能愿意付钱购买解决方案时,它才成为机会。
- value proposition(价值主张)说明产品帮助谁、解决什么问题,以及为什么有用。
想法可以免费产生，顾客可没有鼓掌的义务。
When does an idea become a business opportunity? · 一个想法何时成为商业机会?
An opportunity connects value with a defined customer need. · 机会把价值与明确顾客需要联系起来。
Test before you build
- A feasibility study 可行性研究 checks whether an idea can work in practice: customers, costs, skills, suppliers, rules, and competition.
- A small test is often better than a confident guess. A prototype, sample service, or short customer interview can reveal a flaw early.
- Evidence may make an entrepreneur change the idea. That is learning, not failure.
先测试,再投入
- feasibility study(可行性研究)检查一个想法在实践中能否成功:顾客、成本、技能、供应商、规则和竞争。
- 小测试往往比自信猜测更好。原型、样本服务或简短顾客访谈能及早发现缺陷。
- 证据可能让创业者改变想法。这是学习,不是失败。
What can a feasibility study check? Choose all that apply. · 可行性研究可以检查什么?选出所有正确项。
Research reduces uncertainty; it cannot guarantee the result. · 研究减少不确定性,不能保证结果。
Take managed risks
- Entrepreneurs take risks, but sensible risk is researched, limited, and reviewed.
- Start-up capital 创业资金 is the money needed to begin. It may pay for stock, equipment, permits, or initial marketing before sales arrive.
- A break-even point 盈亏平衡点 is where total revenue equals total cost. Before it, the venture has not yet covered its costs.
承担可管理的风险
- 创业者会承担风险,但明智风险要经过研究、限制和复查。
- start-up capital(创业资金)是开始所需的钱。它可能在销售到来前支付库存、设备、许可证或初期营销。
- break-even point(盈亏平衡点)是总收入等于总成本的地方。在此之前,企业还没有覆盖成本。
At break-even, total revenue equals total cost. · 在盈亏平衡点,总收入等于总成本。
The venture has covered costs, but has not yet made a profit above them. · 企业已覆盖成本,但还没有在成本之上获利。
Match the idea to its purpose. · 把概念与目的配对。
One pays for the beginning; the other makes early learning cheaper. · 一个支付开始阶段;另一个让早期学习成本更低。
Two students propose a same-day bicycle-repair service. They interview cyclists near campus, learn that puncture repairs are the most urgent problem, test a two-hour repair slot on one afternoon, and calculate the tools and replacement parts needed before buying a full set.
Their first idea changed from “repair every bicycle problem” to a focused service with evidence behind it.
**两名学生提出当天自行车维修服务。**他们访谈校园附近骑车人,发现补胎最紧急;在一个下午测试两小时维修时间,并在购买整套工具前计算工具和替换零件。
他们的第一个想法从“维修所有自行车问题”变成了有证据支持的聚焦服务。
Write one English sentence giving a customer problem and a focused bicycle-repair offer. · 用一句英语写出一个顾客问题和聚焦的自行车维修产品。
Example: “Students with punctures need to travel home today, so we offer a two-hour puncture repair service near campus.” · 例如:“Students with punctures need to travel home today, so we offer a two-hour puncture repair service near campus.”
Customer problem → evidence → offer. A strong business explanation does not begin with “we want to sell”; it begins with why a defined customer would choose the offer.
**顾客问题→证据→产品。**强有力的商业解释不是从“我们想卖”开始,而是从明确顾客为什么选择该产品开始。
Do not use “everyone” as a target customer. If an offer is for everyone, its price, promotion, and service are usually too vague for anyone.
不要把“所有人”当作目标顾客。如果产品面向所有人,它的价格、促销和服务往往对任何人都太模糊。