The causative — have/get something done · 使役结构 — have/get something done
Getting things done by others
- The causative says someone else does a job for you.
- I had my hair cut. (a hairdresser cut it, not me)
- It's different from doing it yourself.
I had my hair cut; the hairdresser handled the difficult part.
让别人替你做事
- 使役结构 (the causative) 表示由别人替你做某事。
- 我I （使役）had 我的my 头发hair 剪cut.(我请人剪了头发,不是自己剪的。)
- 这和"自己做"不同。
我去剪了头发；难的那部分由理发师负责。
have something done
- have + object + past participle.
- I had my hair cut. We are having our house painted.
- The "be" of having it done can be in any tense.
have something done
- have + 宾语 + 过去分词。
- 我们We （be）are （使役）having 我们的our 房子house 粉刷painted.(我们正请人粉刷房子。)
- have 可以用任何时态。
Choose the causative (someone else does it): · 选出使役结构(由别人来做):
Causative = have + object + past participle: “had my hair cut”. · 使役 = have + 宾语 + 过去分词:had my hair cut。
Complete: We are having our house ___ (paint). · 填空:We are having our house ___ (paint)。
have + object + past participle: paint → painted. · have + 宾语 + 过去分词:paint → painted。
Translate into English: 我昨天(请人)剪了头发。 · 翻译成英语:我昨天(请人)剪了头发。
Causative: “I had my hair cut yesterday.” (someone cut it for me) · 使役:I had my hair cut yesterday。(别人替我剪的)
get something done (informal)
- get + object + past participle — the same meaning, more casual.
- I need to get my phone fixed. She got her photo taken.
- have and get are usually interchangeable here.
get something done(口语)
- get + 宾语 + 过去分词 —— 意思相同,更口语。
- 我I 需要need to （使役）get 我的my 手机phone 修理fixed.(我得把手机拿去修。)
- 在使役结构里,have 和 get 通常可互换。
Who actually did it? · 到底是谁做的?
have/get something done = you arranged it, someone else did it; plain verb = you did it yourself. · have/get something done = 你安排,别人动手;普通动词 = 你亲自动手。
Word order matters
- Keep the order: have/get + the thing + past participle.
- I had my car repaired. (someone repaired it for me)
- I repaired my car. (I did it myself) — a different meaning!
语序很重要
- 保持语序:have/get + 那个东西 + 过去分词。
- I had my car repaired.(别人替我修的车。)
- I repaired my car.(我自己修的。)—— 意思完全不同!
Does “I had my car repaired” mean someone else repaired it for me? · “I had my car repaired” 表示别人替我修的车,对吗?
Yes — the causative means you arranged for someone else to do it. · 对 —— 使役结构表示你安排别人来做这件事。
Common mistakes
- ❌ I cut my hair yesterday. (at a salon) → ✓ I had my hair cut. — the active means you did it yourself.
- Word order: have + thing + participle — had my hair cut, never had cut my hair (that's past perfect).
- With people: have + person + base verb; get + person + to + verb.
常见错误
- ❌ I cut my hair yesterday.(在理发店)→ ✓ I had my hair cut。—— 主动句意思是你自己拿剪刀剪的。
- 语序:have + 东西 + 过去分词——had my hair cut;写成 had cut my hair 就变成过去完成时了。
- 让某个人做:have + 人 + 原形;get + 人 + to + 原形。
Who did it? Match each sentence. · 谁做的?把句子配对。
Active = you did it; have/get something done = a service; get + person + to = you persuaded them. · 主动=自己做;have/get something done=请人做;get + 人 + to=说动某人做。
Complete: We are having our house ___ . (paint) · 填空:We are having our house ___ .(paint)
have + thing + past participle: having our house painted. · have + 东西 + 过去分词:having our house painted。
- Causative = have / get + object + past participle.
- It means someone else does the job for you.
- Watch the word order; get is the informal version of have.
- 使役 = have / get + 宾语 + 过去分词。
- 它表示由别人替你做这件事。
- 注意语序;get 是 have 更口语的说法。
Write one sentence about something you had (or get) done by someone else, using the causative (have/get + something + past participle). · 用使役结构(have/get + 某物 + 过去分词)写一句话,说说你请别人替你做的一件事。
Example: “I need to get my computer fixed.” · 例如:I need to get my computer fixed。