Causes of World War I · 第一次世界大战的成因
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| In addition, territorial and regional conflicts combined with a flawed alliance system | 联盟体系 | lián méng tǐ xì |
Four causes in one CED sentence
- The causes of World War I included imperialist expansion and competition for resources.
- In addition, territorial and regional conflicts combined with a flawed alliance system 联盟体系 and intense nationalism to escalate the tensions into global conflict.
- So four causes: imperial competition, territorial and regional conflicts, the alliance system, and nationalism.
CED 一句话里的四个成因
- 第一次世界大战的成因包括帝国主义扩张与对资源的争夺。
- 此外,领土与地区冲突,与一个有缺陷的联盟体系(alliance system)以及强烈的民族主义相结合,把紧张局势升级为全球性冲突。
- 因此有四个成因:帝国竞争、领土与地区冲突、联盟体系,以及民族主义。
Select all · 所有 the causes the CED names for World War I. · 选出 CED 为第一次世界大战点名的所有成因。
Intense nationalism completes the four; the Depression is a cause of the second war. · 强烈的民族主义补全这四项;大萧条是第二次世界大战的成因。
Imperial competition connects unit 6
- Imperialist expansion and competition for resources is the direct continuation of 6.2 and 6.4.
- States that had been competing for colonies and commodities brought that competition home to Europe.
- So the war is the CED's own answer to "what did imperialism eventually cost the imperial powers?"
帝国竞争与第六单元相连
- 帝国主义扩张与对资源的争夺,是 6.2 与 6.4 的直接延续。
- 此前为殖民地与商品而竞争的国家,把这场竞争带回了欧洲。
- 因此这场战争,正是 CED 对"帝国主义最终让帝国主义强权付出了什么代价?"这一问题的回答。
The CED's verb for what the alliance system did is... · CED 用来描述联盟体系所做之事的动词是……
It is a cause of the war's scale, which is a precise claim. · 它是战争规模的成因,而这是一个精确的主张。
A flawed alliance system escalated
- The CED's verb for the alliance system is escalate — it did not start the war, it enlarged it.
- Alliances designed to deter aggression converted a regional conflict into a general one by obligation.
- So the alliance system is a cause of the war's scale, which is a precise and defensible claim.
一个有缺陷的联盟体系造成升级
- CED 用来描述联盟体系的动词是升级——它没有引发战争,而是扩大了战争。
- 本为遏制侵略而设计的联盟,通过义务把一场地区冲突转变成了一场普遍战争。
- 因此联盟体系是战争规模的成因,而这是一个精确且站得住的主张。
Assemble the causes, then find the escalator · 把原因拼齐,再找出扩大战事的那一个
Three conditions explain tension; only the alliance system explains escalation. · 三个条件解释紧张;只有同盟体系解释战事的扩大。
The CED's phrase is ____ nationalism. · CED 的措辞是 ____ 的民族主义。
It made disputes non-negotiable and mass mobilisation politically possible. · 它使争端无可谈判,并使大规模动员在政治上成为可能。
The alliance system escalated the war rather than starting it. The CED's own verb is escalate — alliances converted a regional conflict into a global one by obligation. Naming them as the cause of the war, rather than of its scale, states more than the CED does.
联盟体系是使战争升级,而不是引发战争。CED 自己用的动词是"升级"——联盟通过义务把一场地区冲突转变为全球性冲突。把它们说成战争的成因、而不是战争规模的成因,说的比 CED 更多。
Imperial competition connects this subtopic to unit 6. · 帝国竞争把本小节与第六单元连了起来。
States competing for colonies and commodities brought that competition home to Europe. · 为殖民地与商品而竞争的国家,把这场竞争带回了欧洲。
Nationalism supplied the intensity
- The CED's phrase is intense nationalism, and unit 5 already taught what nationalism was.
- It made territorial and regional disputes non-negotiable, and made mass mobilisation politically possible.
- That second effect is what turns a diplomatic crisis into a war millions of people will fight.
民族主义提供了强度
- CED 的措辞是强烈的民族主义,而第五单元已经讲过民族主义是什么。
- 它使领土与地区争端变得无可谈判,也使大规模动员在政治上成为可能。
- 第二项作用,正是把一场外交危机变成一场由数百万人去打的战争的原因。
Match each cause to what it contributed. · 把每个成因与它所贡献的东西配对。
Separating what caused the conflict from what enlarged it is the skill here. · 把"引发冲突的"与"扩大冲突的"分开,正是这里的技能。
Causes and consequences
- The objective asks for causes and consequences, and the consequences run into 7.4, 7.5 and 7.6.
- The peace settlement, the economic disruption and the collapse of empires are all consequences of this war.
- So an answer here should point forward as well as back — the CED will call that settlement unsustainable in 7.6.
成因与后果
- 这一目标要求成因与后果,而后果一直延伸到 7.4、7.5 与 7.6。
- 和约、经济动荡与帝国的倾覆,都是这场战争的后果。
- 因此这里的答案既要向后看,也要向前看——CED 在 7.6 中会把那份和约称为难以持续的。
A dispute between two states in one region draws in their allies, and each ally's allies. Nothing about the original quarrel required a world war; the obligations did. That is why the CED separates the tensions from what escalated them, and why an answer should too.
一个地区里两个国家之间的争端,把它们的盟友、以及盟友的盟友都卷了进来。最初那场争吵本身并不需要一场世界大战;是那些义务需要。这正是 CED 把紧张局势与使之升级的东西分开的原因,也是答案应当这样做的原因。
The causes of World War I included imperialist expansion and competition for resources, and territorial and regional conflicts combined with a flawed alliance system and intense nationalism to escalate the tensions into global conflict. The alliance system is a cause of the war's scale; nationalism made disputes non-negotiable and mass mobilisation possible.
第一次世界大战的成因包括帝国主义扩张与对资源的争夺,而领土与地区冲突,与一个有缺陷的联盟体系以及强烈的民族主义相结合,把紧张局势升级为全球性冲突。联盟体系是战争规模的成因;民族主义使争端无可谈判,并使大规模动员成为可能。