Environmental Consequences · 环境后果
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| There was continued diffusion of crops and pathogens, with epidemic diseases, including the bubonic plague | 黑死病 | hēi sǐ bìng |
Crops and pathogens travel the same roads
- There was continued diffusion of crops and pathogens, with epidemic diseases, including the bubonic plague 黑死病, along trade routes.
- The CED puts crops and diseases in one sentence on purpose: both are biological, both move with people.
- So a route's benefits and its dangers have the same cause and cannot be separated.
作物与病原体走同样的路
- 作物与病原体持续传播,流行病(包括黑死病(bubonic plague))沿贸易路线扩散。
- CED 有意把作物与疾病写进同一句话:两者都是生物性的,都随人移动。
- 因此一条路线的好处与它的危险有着同一个原因,无法分开。
Select all · 所有 the crop diffusions the CED names. · 选出 CED 点名的所有作物传播。
Maize crosses the Atlantic in the Columbian Exchange, unit 4. · 玉米在哥伦布大交换中跨越大西洋,属第四单元。
Three crop diffusions to know
- Bananas in Africa — a Southeast Asian crop that reshaped African farming and settlement.
- New rice varieties in East Asia — the same Champa rice that fed Song commercialisation.
- The spread of citrus in the Mediterranean — carried westward through Muslim agricultural networks.
需要掌握的三次作物传播
- 香蕉在非洲——一种重塑了非洲农业与聚落的东南亚作物。
- 东亚的新稻种——正是那种养活了宋代商业化的占城稻。
- 柑橘在地中海的传播——经由穆斯林农业网络西传。
Crops and pathogens diffused along the same trade routes. · 作物与病原体沿着同样的贸易路线传播。
The CED puts them in one sentence — both are biological and both move with people. · CED 把它们写进同一句话——两者都是生物性的,都随人移动。
The plague followed the network
- The bubonic plague spread along the same caravan and shipping routes that carried silk and porcelain.
- It reached Europe, the Middle East and North Africa within a few years and killed a large share of the population.
- So the fourteenth-century death toll is not a separate story from the trade boom — it is the same network, running in reverse.
瘟疫沿网络而行
- 黑死病沿着运送丝绸与瓷器的同一批商队与航运路线扩散。
- 它在几年之内抵达欧洲、中东与北非,夺走了相当大一部分人口的生命。
- 因此十四世纪的死亡人数并不是与贸易繁荣分开的另一个故事——它就是同一张网络,反向运行。
Follow the network's most consequential cargo · 追踪贸易网络上后果最重的货物
The pathogens travelled because the network worked — the unit's argument about goods, applied to disease. · 病原体之所以传播,正因为网络运转良好——把本单元关于货物的论证用在疾病上。
The fourteenth-century plague is best understood as... · 十四世纪的瘟疫最好被理解为……
It travelled the same routes as silk and porcelain — the same network, running in reverse. · 它走的是与丝绸和瓷器相同的路线——同一张网络,反向运行。
The plague and the trade boom are the same story. Crops and pathogens diffused along trade routes in the CED's single sentence — so an answer that treats fourteenth-century mortality as an interruption of connectivity has missed that it was a consequence of it.
瘟疫与贸易繁荣是同一个故事。在 CED 的同一句话里,作物与病原体沿贸易路线传播——因此把十四世纪的死亡当作连通性之中断的答案,漏掉了它其实是连通性的后果。
The plague is the largest single reason a city on a busy route could ____ rather than grow. · 瘟疫是一座位于繁忙路线上的城市可能 ____ 而非成长的最大单一原因。
Which links this subtopic back to 2.5's varied city fates. · 这把本小节连回 2.5 中城市命运各异的说法。
Connect it back to the cities
- Subtopic 2.5 said city fates varied, with real decline as well as growth.
- The plague is the largest single reason a city on a busy route could shrink rather than grow.
- Linking 2.6 to 2.5 is the cheapest way to make an answer look like it understands the unit rather than the subtopic.
把它连回城市
- 第 2.5 小节说城市的命运各异,既有真实的衰落,也有成长。
- 瘟疫是一座位于繁忙路线上的城市可能萎缩而非成长的最大单一原因。
- 把 2.6 连回 2.5,是让答案显得理解整个单元而非某个小节的最省力的办法。
Put the environmental-effects answer in order. · 把环境后果题的答案排序。
The last sentence is the analysis; the first two are the evidence. · 最后一句是分析;前两步是证据。
An environmental-effects answer
- Name one crop diffusion and say what it changed about how people fed themselves.
- Name the plague and say what route carried it.
- Then say the sentence that ties them: the same connectivity did both, and a society could not have one without the other.
一道环境后果题的答案
- 点出一次作物传播,并说出它改变了人们如何养活自己的什么。
- 点出黑死病,并说出是哪条路线带来了它。
- 然后说出把两者绑起来的那句话:同一种连通性造成了两者,而一个社会不可能只要其一。
Bananas reach Africa along the same Indian Ocean routes that later carry the plague; new rice varieties reach East Asia along the routes that carry porcelain out. A society that closes its ports keeps out both the crop and the pathogen — which is why no society in this period could take only the benefit.
香蕉沿着日后运来瘟疫的同一批印度洋航路抵达非洲;新稻种沿着运出瓷器的同一批路线抵达东亚。一个关闭港口的社会,把作物与病原体一并挡在门外——这正是这一时期没有哪个社会能只取好处的原因。
Crops and pathogens continued to diffuse along trade routes, including epidemic disease and the bubonic plague. Crop diffusions: bananas in Africa, new rice varieties in East Asia, citrus in the Mediterranean. The same connectivity produced both benefit and mortality — and explains why city fates varied.
作物与病原体持续沿贸易路线传播,包括流行病与黑死病。作物传播:香蕉在非洲、东亚的新稻种、地中海的柑橘。同一种连通性既带来收益也带来死亡——并解释了为何城市命运各异。