Changes as a Result of the World Economy · 世界经济的结果变化
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| outsourcing/aʊtˈsɔːsɪŋ/ | 外包 | wài bāo |
| newly industrialised countries/ˈnjuːli ɪnˈdʌstrɪəlaɪzd ˈkʌntriz/ | 新兴工业化国家 | xīn xīng gōng yè huà guó jiā |
| special economic zones/ˈspeʃl ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk zəʊnz/ | 经济特区 | jīng jì tè qū |
Production goes global
- The world economy moves production to lower-cost countries.
- Outsourcing 外包 sends work to firms in cheaper locations.
- Offshoring moves a company's own operations abroad.
生产走向全球
- 世界经济把生产转移到成本更低的国家。
- 外包(outsourcing)把工作交给成本更低地点的公司。
- 离岸外包(offshoring)把公司自己的业务移到国外。
Sending a company's work to a firm in a cheaper location is called... · 将公司业务发送到成本较低地区的公司称为...
Outsourcing shifts work to lower-cost firms elsewhere. · 外包将工作转移到其他地方的低成本公司。
Rising economies
- Newly industrialised countries (NICs) 新兴工业化国家 grew fast by making goods for export.
- Special economic zones 经济特区 attract investment with tax breaks and light rules.
- These policies moved some countries from periphery toward core.
崛起的经济体
- 新兴工业化国家(newly industrialised countries, NICs)通过为出口制造商品而快速增长。
- 经济特区(special economic zones)用税收优惠和宽松规则吸引投资。
- 这些政策使一些国家从边缘走向核心。
Which concept? · 哪个概念？
Match each example to the world-economy concept it shows. · 将每个示例与其展示的世界经济概念匹配。
Areas offering tax breaks and light rules to attract foreign investment are special economic . · 提供税收优惠和宽松法规以吸引外国投资的地区是特殊经济。
Special economic zones attract investment and factories. · 特殊经济区吸引投资和工厂。
Select all · 所有 true statements. · 选择所有正确的陈述。
Outsourcing, NIC growth, and SEZ tax breaks are true; global production does have downsides. · 外包、新兴工业化国家增长和特殊经济区税收优惠是正确的；全球生产也有负面影响。
Match each term to its meaning. · 将下列术语与其含义匹配。
Outsourcing = send work; SEZ = tax-break zone; NIC = fast industrialiser. · 外包 = 发送工作；特殊经济区 = 税收优惠区；新兴工业化国家 = 快速工业化者。
Winners and costs
- Global production creates jobs and growth in developing countries.
- But it can bring low wages, poor conditions, and pollution.
- It also costs jobs in the countries the work moved from.
赢家与代价
- 全球生产在发展中国家创造就业和增长。
- 但它可能带来低工资、恶劣条件和污染。
- 它也使工作离开的国家失去就业。
Moving production abroad can both create jobs in the destination and cost jobs in the origin. · 将生产转移到国外既可能在目的地创造就业，也可能导致原籍国失去工作。
It is a double-edged change with winners and losers on both ends. · 这是一个双刃剑式的变化，两端都有赢家和输家。
Moving production abroad is a double-edged change. It can lift a developing country toward the core (as with the NICs) and leave behind low wages, poor conditions, and lost jobs in the origin country. Weigh gains against costs on both ends.
把生产移到国外是一种双刃的变化。它可以把发展中国家提升到核心(如新兴工业化国家),同时留下低工资、恶劣条件,以及原居国失去的就业。要权衡两端的收益与代价。
A company outsources its factory work to a country with a special economic zone offering tax breaks. That country gains jobs and grows into a newly industrialised country — but workers there may face low pay, while factory workers in the origin country lose their jobs.
一家公司把工厂工作外包给一个提供税收优惠的经济特区国家。那个国家获得就业并成长为新兴工业化国家——但那里的工人可能面临低薪,而原居国的工厂工人失去工作。
The world economy shifts production abroad via outsourcing and offshoring. Special economic zones and export-led growth turned some countries into newly industrialised countries (NICs), moving them toward the core — but with costs: low wages, pollution, and lost jobs in origin countries.
世界经济通过外包和离岸外包把生产转移到国外。经济特区和出口导向增长使一些国家成为新兴工业化国家(NICs),把它们推向核心——但有代价:低工资、污染,以及原居国失去的就业。