The Size and Distribution of Cities · 城市的大小与分布
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| rank-size rule/ræŋk saɪz ruːl/ | 位序规模法则 | wèi xù guī mó fǎ zé |
| primate city/ˈpraɪmeɪt ˈsɪti/ | 首位城市 | shǒu wèi chéng shì |
| central place theory/ˈsentrəl pleɪs ˈθɪəri/ | 中心地理论 | zhōng xīn dì lǐ lùn |
How city sizes line up
- The rank-size rule 位序规模法则 says the nth city is 1/n the size of the largest.
- So the 2nd city is half, the 3rd a third, and so on.
- It describes a balanced urban system with many mid-sized cities.
城市规模如何排列
- 位序规模法则(rank-size rule)认为第 n 位城市是最大城市的 1/n。
- 所以第 2 位城市是一半,第 3 位是三分之一,以此类推。
- 它描述一个有许多中等城市的平衡城市系统。
The rule that the nth-largest city is 1/n the size of the largest is the... · 第n大城市是最大城市1/n的规则是……
The rank-size rule gives a smooth size distribution. · 等级规模法则提供了平滑的规模分布。
Primate cities
- A primate city 首位城市 is far larger than all the others (more than twice the second).
- Paris and Bangkok dominate their countries this way.
- A primate city concentrates power, jobs, and culture in one place.
首位城市
- 首位城市(primate city)远大于其他所有城市(超过第二位的两倍)。
- 巴黎和曼谷就这样主导它们的国家。
- 首位城市把权力、就业和文化集中在一个地方。
Rank-size or primate? · 等级规模还是首位度？
Sort each urban system as rank-size or primate. · 将每个城市系统分类为等级规模型或首位度型。
A primate city is more than twice the size of the country's second city. · 首位城市是国家第二大城市两倍以上。
A primate city dominates, dwarfing all others. · 首位城市占主导地位，远大于其他所有城市。
Select all · 所有 features of a primate city. · 选择首位城市的所有特征。
A primate city is dominant and concentrating; a smooth ladder is rank-size instead. · 首位城市是主导且集中的；平滑阶梯属于等级规模型。
Match each term to its meaning. · 将下列术语与其含义匹配。
Rank-size = smooth; primate = dominant; market area = service region. · 等级规模 = 平滑；首位度 = 主导；市场区域 = 服务区。
Central place theory
- Central place theory 中心地理论 (Christaller) explains the spacing of settlements.
- Larger centres are fewer and farther apart and offer higher-order goods.
- Each has a market area — the region it serves.
中心地理论
- 中心地理论(central place theory,克里斯塔勒)解释聚落的间距。
- 较大的中心更少、相距更远,提供更高级的商品。
- 每个都有一个市场区——它服务的区域。
Central place theory explains the ____ of settlements, with bigger centres farther apart. · 中心地理论解释了聚落的____，较大的中心相距较远。
Central place theory is about settlement spacing and market areas. · 中心地理论是关于聚落间距和服务范围的。
The rank-size rule and a primate city are opposites. Rank-size means a smooth range of city sizes; a primate city means one huge city dwarfing the rest. Check whether the second city is roughly half the first (rank-size) or far smaller (primate).
位序规模法则和首位城市是相反的。位序规模意味着城市规模平滑分布;首位城市意味着一座巨城使其余相形见绌。检查第二位城市是大约第一位的一半(位序规模)还是小得多(首位)。
In France, Paris is far more than twice the size of the next city — a classic primate city dominating the country. In a rank-size system like the USA, the second-largest city is roughly half the first, with many mid-sized cities in between.
在法国,巴黎远超第二大城市的两倍——典型的首位城市,主导整个国家。在像美国这样的位序规模系统中,第二大城市大约是第一位的一半,中间有许多中等城市。
The rank-size rule (nth city = 1/n of the largest) describes a balanced urban system; a primate city is one that dwarfs all others. Central place theory explains settlement spacing: bigger centres are fewer, farther apart, and serve a larger market area.
位序规模法则(第 n 位城市=最大的 1/n)描述平衡的城市系统;首位城市使其余相形见绌。中心地理论解释聚落间距:较大的中心更少、相距更远、服务更大的市场区。