Protagonist and Antagonist · 主角与反派
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| The main character in a narrative is the protagonist | 主人公 | zhǔ rén gōng |
The definitions are broader than students expect
- The main character in a narrative is the protagonist 主人公.
- The antagonist opposes the protagonist — and may be another character, the internal conflicts of the protagonist, a collective (such as society), or nature.
- So an antagonist need not be a person, and in a short story it very often is not.
The antagonist needs no cape; sometimes the protagonist’s own indecision has the job.
这些定义比学生想象的更宽
- 主人公(protagonist)。
- 对立面与主人公相对立——它可以是另一个人物、主人公自身的内在冲突、某个集体(如社会),或自然。
- 因此对立面不必是一个人,而在短篇小说中,它往往就不是。
对抗者不必披斗篷；有时主人公自己的犹豫就接下了这份工作。
Select all · 所有 the things the CED says an antagonist may be. · 选择 所有 CED指出的反派可能是什么。
Nature completes the list; the reader is not in the narrative. · 自然完成了列表；读者不在叙事之中。
They may represent contrasting values
- Protagonists and antagonists may represent contrasting values.
- That is the link back to conflict: opposition is a clash of values, not merely of interests.
- So naming an antagonist is only useful once you can name the value it stands for.
他们可能代表相互对照的价值
- 主人公与对立面可能代表相互对照的价值。
- 这是回到冲突的那条线索:对立是价值的冲撞,而不仅仅是利益的冲撞。
- 因此只有当你能说出对立面所代表的价值时,指认它才是有用的。
What kind of antagonist is this? · 这是什么类型的反派？
Sort each opposing force by the CED's four categories. · 根据CED的四种类别对每种对立力量进行分类。
Naming an antagonist is enough for an analysis. · 仅命名一个反派不足以进行分析。
It is useful only once you can name the value · 明暗 it stands for. · 只有当你能够命名其所代表的 价值 时，它才有用。
The protagonist as their own antagonist
- The CED explicitly allows the antagonist to be the internal conflicts of the protagonist.
- In that case the contrasting values are both inside one person.
- This is the most common shape in modern short fiction, and the one students most often miss.
主人公作为自己的对立面
- CED 明确允许对立面是主人公自身的内在冲突。
- 在那种情况下,相互对照的价值都在同一个人内部。
- 这是现代短篇小说中最常见的形态,也是学生最常错过的一种。
The antagonist shape students most often miss is... · 学生最常错过的反派形态是……
In that shape both contrasting values sit inside one person. · 在那种形态下，两种对立的价值观都存在于一个人身上。
An antagonist need not be a person. The CED lists another character, the protagonist's own internal conflicts, a collective such as society, and nature. Searching only for a villain misses the shape most modern short fiction actually uses.
**对立面不必是一个人。**CED 列出了另一个人物、主人公自身的内在冲突、如社会这样的集体,以及自然。只去找一个反派,就会错过多数现代短篇小说实际采用的形态。
A collective or natural antagonist cannot be ____, which is usually why the text chose it. · 集体或自然反派无法被 ____，这通常就是文本选择它们的原因。
A set of expectations no character states can never be argued with. · 任何未被角色明确表达的期望集合都无法被辩论。
Society and nature as antagonists
- A collective antagonist is a set of expectations no single character enforces.
- Nature as antagonist obstructs without intending anything, which changes what the conflict can mean.
- Neither can be persuaded, and that is usually why the text chose them.
社会与自然作为对立面
- 集体性的对立面,是一套没有任何单个人物在执行的期待。
- 作为对立面的自然在阻碍时并无意图,这改变了这一冲突可能具有的含义。
- 两者都无法被说服,而这通常正是文本选择它们的原因。
Match each pair to the values it contrasts. · 将每对选项与其对比的价值匹配。
Nature obstructs without intending anything — indifference, not malice. · 自然阻碍但不怀有任何意图——是冷漠，而非恶意。
A contrast pass on characters
- Name the protagonist. Name what opposes them, using all four CED options.
- Name the value each side stands for.
- Then say what the contrast makes visible that neither side alone would show.
人物对照检查
- 说出主人公。用 CED 给出的四个选项说出与之对立的是什么。
- 说出双方各自代表的价值。
- 然后说出这一对照让什么变得可见,而这是任何一方单独都无法显示的。
She wants to leave; nobody stops her. The antagonist is a collective — a set of expectations about who stays with an ageing parent — which no character in the story states and every character assumes. It cannot be argued with, which is precisely why the story ends where it does.
她想离开;没有人拦她。对立面是一个集体——一套关于谁该留下照顾年迈父母的期待——故事中没有任何人物把它说出口,而每个人物都默认它。它无法被辩驳,而这恰恰是这个故事结束在那里的原因。
The protagonist is the main character; the antagonist may be another character, the protagonist's internal conflicts, a collective such as society, or nature. They may represent contrasting values — so name the value each side stands for, not just the sides.
主人公是主要人物;对立面可以是另一个人物、主人公自身的内在冲突、如社会这样的集体,或自然。他们可能代表相互对照的价值——因此要说出双方各自代表的价值,而不只是说出双方。