Feedback · 反馈
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| feedback/ˈfiːdbæk/ | 反馈 | fǎn kuì |
| homeostasis/ˌhəʊmiːəˈstɑːsiz/ | 稳态 | wěn tài |
| set point/set pɔɪnt/ | 设定点 | shè dìng diǎn |
| negative feedback/ˈneɡətɪv ˈfiːdbæk/ | 负反馈 | fù fǎn kuì |
| positive feedback/ˈpɒzɪtɪv ˈfiːdbæk/ | 正反馈 | zhèng fǎn kuì |
Keeping things steady
- Your body temperature barely moves, even on a hot or cold day.
- Your blood sugar stays roughly level, whether you just ate or not.
- Cells and bodies work hard to hold their conditions steady.
- The trick that makes this possible is feedback.
让事物保持稳定
- 你的体温几乎不动,即使在炎热或寒冷的日子里。
- 你的血糖大致保持水平,不管你刚吃过还是没吃。
- 细胞和身体努力工作,把它们的条件保持稳定。
- 让这成为可能的诀窍是反馈。
Homeostasis and the set point
- Homeostasis 稳态 is keeping internal conditions steady.
- The body has a target value called the set point 设定点.
- Sensors compare the real value with the set point.
- Any difference triggers a correction.
稳态与设定点
- 稳态(homeostasis)是让内部条件保持稳定。
- 身体有一个叫做设定点(set point)的目标值。
- 传感器把真实值与设定点比较。
- 任何差异都触发一次纠正。
Homeostasis · 稳态 is… · 稳态是……
Homeostasis · 稳态 keeps internal conditions (temperature, glucose, water) steady around a set point. · 稳态让内部条件(温度、葡萄糖、水)在一个设定点附近保持稳定。
Negative feedback corrects
- Feedback 反馈 means a change loops back to influence the system.
- Negative feedback 负反馈 reverses a change, pushing it back to the set point.
- Too hot? The body cools down. Too cold? It warms up.
- This constant correction is what keeps you stable.
负反馈纠正
- 反馈(feedback)意味着一个变化回环过来影响系统。
- 负反馈(negative feedback)逆转一个变化,把它推回设定点。
- 太热?身体降温。太冷?它升温。
- 这种不断的纠正,就是让你保持稳定的东西。
Negative feedback · 负反馈
correction back to a set point · 纠正回一个设定点
Drag the disturbance. A change is corrected back to the set point — the basis of homeostasis. · 拖动扰动。一个变化被纠正回设定点——稳态的基础。
In negative feedback, a change is… · 在负反馈中,一个变化被……
Negative feedback · 负反馈 reverses a change, pushing the value back toward its set point · 设定点 — the basis of homeostasis. · 负反馈逆转一个变化,把数值推回它的设定点——稳态的基础。
The target value that the body tries to hold is called the ____ point. · 身体努力保持的目标值叫做____点。
The body compares the current value with the set point · 设定点 and corrects any difference. · 身体把当前值与设定点比较,并纠正任何差异。
Positive feedback amplifies
- Positive feedback 正反馈 does the opposite — it makes a change bigger.
- One change triggers more of the same, building up fast.
- It is rarer, used for events that need to finish quickly.
- Childbirth and blood clotting both use positive feedback.
正反馈放大
- 正反馈(positive feedback)做相反的事——它让一个变化变得更大。
- 一个变化触发更多同样的变化,快速累积。
- 它更少见,用于需要快速完成的事件。
- 分娩和血液凝固都用正反馈。
Positive feedback makes a change bigger, rather than correcting it. · 正反馈让一个变化变得更大,而不是纠正它。
Positive feedback amplifies a change — useful for events like childbirth, but rarer than negative feedback. · 正反馈放大一个变化——对分娩这类事件有用,但比负反馈更少见。
Select all · 所有 true statements about feedback. · 选出关于反馈的所有正确说法。
Negative feedback · 负反馈 reduces a change, it does not amplify it. The other three are correct. · 负反馈减小一个变化,它不放大它。其余三条正确。
Most control in the body is negative feedback — it reduces a change. Do not mix it up with positive feedback, which amplifies. "Negative" does not mean bad; it means the response opposes the change and brings things back to normal.
身体里大多数控制是负反馈——它减小一个变化。不要把它和正反馈搞混,后者放大变化。"负"不意味着坏;它意味着响应反对变化,把事物带回正常。
A thermostat for your body:
- If you get too warm, sensors detect it (value above set point).
- Negative feedback kicks in: you sweat and blood vessels widen to lose heat.
- Your temperature falls back to the set point — then the correction switches off.
给你身体的一个恒温器:
- 如果你变得太暖,传感器检测到它(值高于设定点)。
- 负反馈启动:你出汗,血管扩张以散热。
- 你的温度回落到设定点——然后纠正就关闭。
Homeostasis keeps the body's conditions steady near a set point. Negative feedback corrects a change by reversing it, restoring the set point — this runs most of the body's control. Positive feedback instead amplifies a change and is used only for special, fast events.
稳态让身体的条件在一个设定点附近保持稳定。负反馈通过逆转一个变化来纠正它,恢复设定点——这运行着身体大部分的控制。正反馈则放大一个变化,只用于特殊、快速的事件。