Economic growth and sustainability · 经济增长与可持续性
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| sustainable/səˈsteɪnəbl/ | 可持续的 | kě chí xù de |
| inflation/ɪnˈfleɪʃn/ | 通货膨胀 | tōng huò péng zhàng |
| inequality/ɪniːˈkwɒlɪti/ | 不平等 | bù píng děng |
| depletion/dɪˈpliːʃn/ | 枯竭 | kū jié |
| sustainable development/səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈveləpmənt/ | 可持续发展 | kě chí xù fā zhǎn |
| renewables/rɪˈnjuːəblz/ | 可再生能源 | kě zài shēng néng yuán |
Growth that lasts
- Growth raises living standards — but burning through forests, fish stocks and clean air to get it stores up trouble.
- Sustainable 可持续的 growth means rising output today without wrecking the prospects of tomorrow.
持久的增长
- 增长提高生活水平——但为得到它而烧光森林、鱼类资源和清洁空气会积累麻烦。
- 可持续增长意味着今天上升的产出不毁掉明天的前景。
Economics case lab · 经济学案例实验室
Classify real examples by the economic idea they show. · 根据所展示的经济学概念对真实案例进行分类。
Which is a benefit of economic growth? · 哪项是经济增长的好处？
Growth raises incomes, employment and tax revenue for public services. · 增长提高了收入、就业率和用于公共服务的税收收入。
The benefits of growth
- Higher incomes and living standards, more jobs, better public services (tax revenue rises), and reduced poverty.
Growth is the rising trend; but each boom and bust, and its environmental cost, must be managed.
增长的利益
- 更高的收入和生活水平、更多的工作、更好的公共服务(税收收入上升)和减少的贫困。
增长是那条上升的趋势;但每一次繁荣和萧条,及其环境成本,都必须被管理。
A potential cost of rapid economic growth is: · 快速经济增长的一个潜在代价是：
Growth can deplete resources and damage the environment, among other costs. · 增长可能会耗尽资源并破坏环境，以及其他代价。
The costs
- Inflation 通货膨胀 risk if demand outpaces supply, worsening inequality 不平等, resource depletion 枯竭, and environmental damage (pollution, climate change).
Investment in new buildings and capital is a key driver of economic growth
成本
- 如果需求超过供给的通货膨胀风险、恶化的不平等、资源枯竭和环境破坏(污染、气候变化)。
对新建筑和资本的投资是经济增长的一个关键驱动因素
Sustainable development meets present needs without compromising those of future generations. · 可持续发展满足当代人的需求，而不损害后代人满足其需求的能力。
That is the standard (Brundtland) definition of sustainable development. · 这是可持续发展的标准（布伦特兰）定义。
Which policy supports sustainable growth? · 哪项政策支持可持续增长？
Pricing the externality (carbon tax) steers the economy toward sustainability. · 对外部性定价（碳税）引导经济走向可持续性。
Sustainable growth aims to protect the prospects of ______ generations. · 可持续增长旨在保护______代人的前景。
Growth today should not compromise tomorrow. · 今天的增长不应以牺牲明天为代价。
Sustainability
- Sustainable development 可持续发展: meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs.
- Policies: pricing externalities (carbon taxes), investing in renewables 可再生能源, and protecting natural capital.
GDP growth ≠ rising wellbeing. Fast growth can deplete the environment and widen inequality, so the gain in measured GDP overstates the gain in actual welfare.
可持续性
- 可持续发展(sustainable development):满足当前的需要,不损害未来世代满足他们需要的能力。
- 政策:给外部性定价(碳税)、投资于可再生能源,以及保护自然资本。
GDP 增长 ≠ 上升的福祉。 快速增长能耗尽环境并扩大不平等,所以测量的 GDP 的收益夸大了实际福利的收益。
You've got it
- growth brings higher incomes, jobs, public services — but risks inflation, inequality, environmental damage
- sustainable development meets today's needs without harming future generations
- policies: price externalities, invest in renewables, protect natural capital
你掌握了
- 增长带来更高的收入、工作、公共服务——但有通货膨胀、不平等、环境破坏的风险
- 可持续发展满足今天的需要而不伤害未来世代
- 政策:给外部性定价、投资可再生能源、保护自然资本