HSK 1 · Weather, Places and Location
HSK · HSK · HSK 1 Тема 4 3:11 Английское озвучивание · Английский + китайские субтитры (встроенные)
Главы
Транскрипт
This topic gives you weather and location. The big grammar surprise is small: an ordinary adjective sentence needs no shi, because the adjective is the verb. Jintian hen re works, jintian shi hen re does not. And zai pins things to places. One caution to carry: a preference is yours, a weather report is the sky's, and the two sentences look similar while doing different jobs.
The adjective sentence is your first piece of real Chinese grammar. The pattern is subject, adverb, adjective: jintian hen re, today is very hot. What is missing is shi, because the adjective is the verb, doing is's job all by itself. And a secret about hen: it often just supports the rhythm, so jintian hen re sounds more natural than jintian re, even when very is stronger than you mean. The error the exam listens for is inserting shi: hen leng is right, shi hen leng is wrong.
Four weather words cover most days: leng, cold; re, hot; xiayu, raining; xiaxue, snowing. Keep the date clear with jintian, today, and mingtian, tomorrow. Then the preference: wo xihuan qingtian, I like sunny days. Notice the difference in jobs: jintian hen leng is a report from the sky, while wo xihuan qingtian is a fact about you. One describes the weather, the other describes the speaker.
Zai locates: person or thing, plus zai, plus place. Xuexiao zai zheli, the school is here. The checked dialogue runs both halves of this topic: jintian tianqi zenmeyang, how's the weather, answered hen leng, hai xiayu, cold and still raining; then xuexiao zai nali, where is the school, answered zai yiyuan pangbian, next to the hospital. One answer describes weather, the other locates a building relative to another, and a place name by itself does not tell direction, so read the context.
The watch-out is the one particle to leave out: no shi before an ordinary adjective predicate. Hen leng is right, shi hen leng is wrong, because the adjective is already the verb. And keep the two sentence types labelled in your head: jintian hen leng reports the sky, wo xihuan qingtian reports you.
Pause and check both. First, jintian hen leng, dropping the shi before the adjective, because the adjective is the verb. Second, wo xihuan qingtian states a preference, mine rather than the sky's. The remaining review items: two weather words, leng and re, and the locating word zai, xuexiao zai zheli. You can now report the weather and find the school.