Population Ecology
Введено| English | Значение |
|---|---|
| exponential growth/ˌekspəˈnenʃl ɡrəʊθ/ | непрерывная изменчивость |
| carrying capacity/ˈkæriɪŋ kəˈpæsɪti/ | непрерывная изменчивость |
| logistic growth/ləˈdʒɪstɪk ɡrəʊθ/ | непрерывная изменчивость |
How populations grow
- A single pair of rabbits can become a huge population in a few years.
- But no population grows without limit forever.
- Something always slows it down.
- Population ecology studies how and why numbers rise and level off.
Exponential growth
- With plenty of food and space, a population grows faster and faster.
- This is exponential growth 指数增长 — a J-shaped curve.
- Each generation adds more individuals than the last.
- But this cannot continue for long in the real world.
When resources are unlimited, a population shows экспоненциального роста, which means it…
Сложность 1/5 · 100 монет + небольшой бонус за первое выполнение сегодня
Exponential growth speeds up as the population gets bigger — a J-shaped curve.
Carrying capacity
- Every environment can support only so many individuals.
- That limit is the carrying capacity 承载力, written K.
- As the population nears K, food, water, and space run short.
- Growth slows, then stops, holding near this ceiling.
How a population grows
логистический рост до емкости K
Growth is exponential at first, then levels off at the carrying capacity as resources run low.
The carrying capacity of an environment is…
Сложность 1/5 · 100 монет + небольшой бонус за первое выполнение сегодня
The carrying capacity (K) is the maximum population an environment can sustain with its resources.
Logistic growth
- Real populations usually follow logistic growth 逻辑斯谛增长.
- It starts exponential, then flattens near the carrying capacity — an S-shaped curve.
- Below K the population grows; near K it holds steady.
- The result is a stable population balanced with its resources.
Logistic growth keeps accelerating without limit — a J-shaped curve.
Сложность 1/5 · 100 монет + небольшой бонус за первое выполнение сегодня
False. That is exponential growth. Logistic growth starts fast, then levels off at the carrying capacity, giving an S-shaped curve.
Population growth slows as a limited resource, like food or ____, runs out.
Сложность 1/5 · 100 монет + небольшой бонус за первое выполнение сегодня
Limited food, water, and space slow growth as the population nears carrying capacity.
Select все true statements about population growth.
Сложность 2/5 · 140 монет + небольшой бонус за первое выполнение сегодня
No population grows exponentially forever — resources always run out. The other three are correct.
Exponential growth cannot last. It looks unstoppable, but every real environment has limits. Sooner or later food, space, or another resource runs out, and growth slows toward the carrying capacity. A J-curve always bends into an S-curve in the end.
Bacteria in a flask:
- Add a few bacteria to fresh nutrients and they multiply exponentially.
- Soon the nutrients run low and waste builds up.
- Growth slows and the population levels off — logistic growth, limited by carrying capacity.
Populations grow fast at first — exponential growth — but no environment can support unlimited numbers. Its carrying capacity (K) is the sustainable maximum. Real populations follow logistic growth: exponential at first, then levelling off at K as resources like food and space run low.
Write from a carrying capacity of 800
- A population has 200 individuals.
- The environment can support 800 of them in the long run.
What is the carrying capacity, and can the population still grow?
Carrying capacity is the long-run supportable population.
What is K in this case?
Сложность 1/5 · 100 монет + небольшой бонус за первое выполнение сегодня
K is the ceiling, and the population is still under it. Other options — 200 (the current size); 0 (because growth has already stopped).