有些动词后面要跟动名词(动词-ing)。常见的有:enjoy、like、love、hate、finish、stop、mind、suggest、avoid。
我I 喜欢enjoy 阅读reading.
Eu gosto de ler.
她She 完成finished 做doing 她的her 作业homework.
Ela terminou a lição de casa.
注意 动名词 (gerund) 是动词当名词用,形式是动词-ing。
Gerundivos e infinitivos
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11 Gerundivos e infinitivos
11.1
动词 + -ing
Depois do verbo: -ing ou to 11.2
Verbo + infinitivo
另一些动词后面要跟不定式(to + 动词原形)。常见的有:want、need、decide、hope、promise、learn、would like、plan。
我I 想want （不定式）to 学learn 英语English.
Eu quero aprender inglês.
他们They 决定decided （不定式）to 留下stay.
Eles decidiram ficar.
注意 有些动词两者都行,意思相近:like、love、start、begin。I like swimming. = I like to swim.
11.3
介词后用 -ing
在介词(in、on、at、of、about、for、good at、interested in…)后面,动词要用 -ing 形式:
她She's 擅长good at 画画drawing.
Ela é boa em desenhar.
谢谢Thank you 因为for 帮助helping 我me.
Obrigado por me ajudar.
注意 介词后绝不跟动词原形:~~good at draw~~ ✗ → good at drawing ✓。
Erros Comuns
- ❌ ~~I enjoy to read.~~ / ~~I want reading.~~ → ✓ I enjoy reading. / I want to read. — 哪个动词接哪种形式是固定的,背搭配,别互换。
- 区分 stop 的两种意思:He stopped smoking.(戒烟了)vs He stopped to smoke.(停下手头的事去抽烟)— 意思完全不同。
- ❌ ~~I look forward to see you.~~ → ✓ I look forward to seeing you. — 这里的 to 是介词,后面接 -ing。
- ❌ ~~Swim is good exercise.~~ → ✓ Swimming is good exercise. — 动词作主语要用 -ing 形式。